19. PET scan results indicate a tangled mass of nonfunctioning neurons replaced by senile plaques. Progress notes indicate deterioration of judgment, emotional detachment, and sleep disturbance.

The etiology is noted to be a genetic mutation. Which condition is reflected in this patient's record?

Parkinson disease

Senile dementia

Epileptic seizure

Alzheimer disease

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is D

Alzheimer disease is a progressive neurodegenerative disorder that affects memory, cognition, behavior, and daily functioning. Alzheimer disease is characterized by the accumulation of amyloid-beta plaques and neurofibrillary tangles in the brain, which impair the communication and survival of neurons. Alzheimer disease is influenced by genetic and environmental factors, and some rare forms of the disease are caused by mutations in specific genes.

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Correct Answer is C

Explanation

Acidosis is a condition where the blood's pH is lowered due to an excess of H+ in the body. This can occur due to metabolic causes, such as diabetes, kidney failure, ingestion of toxins, or respiratory causes, such as hypoventilation or lung disease. The body has several mechanisms to compensate for acidosis and restore the normal pH balance. One of them is to increase the rate and depth of breathing, which helps to remove CO2 from the body and reduce the formation of H2CO3.

A. Hypotensive crisis B. Hypertensive crisis C. Stage 2 hypertension D. Stage 1 hypertension

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

A hypertensive crisis is defined as a systolic blood pressure (top number) of 180 mm Hg or higher or a diastolic blood pressure (bottom number) of 120 mm Hg or higher. A patient with a blood pressure of 190/137 meets this criterion and has a significantly elevated risk of organ damage and cardiovascular complications. A usual blood pressure of 170/110 indicates that the patient has chronic hypertension, which is a risk factor for hypertensive crisis.

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19. PET scan results indicate a tangled mass of nonfunctioning neurons replaced by senile plaques. Progress notes indicate deterioration of judgment, emotional detachment, and sleep disturbance. The etiology is noted to be a genetic mutation. Which condition is reflected in this patient's record?

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Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

What is an immediate bodily response to acidosis?

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

A patient's chart shows a blood pressure of 190/137, with a usual blood pressure of 170/110. What is a possible diagnosis?

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

Older adults generally mount lower immune responses to vaccines. Which age-related change is likely to contribute to these lower immune responses?

A patient presents at a clinic with a partial-thickness burn on the left arm. The skin appears red and swollen. The patient reports the burn is very painful. What is an additional symptom of a patient with this type of burn?

A patient experiences significant blood loss after surgery, which raises the osmolarity of the bloodstream. Which fluid changes are expected to occur within this patient's body as a result?

Which skin infection causes redness, swelling, and tenderness to the touch and could occur as a complication of a lymphatic blockage?

Which musculoskeletal disorder is caused by the overextension of muscles or tendons, causing the tearing of small vessels and nerve irritation?

Which complication of musculoskeletal trauma causes the accumulation of nephrotoxic myoglobin?

A patient reports fatigue, shortness of breath, and vomiting. The patient was given medication for crushing chest pain that radiated to the neck and jaw. The patient's blood test showed elevated cardiac enzyme levels Which condition is described?

19. PET scan results indicate a tangled mass of nonfunctioning neurons replaced by senile plaques. Progress notes indicate deterioration of judgment, emotional detachment, and sleep disturbance.

The etiology is noted to be a genetic mutation. Which condition is reflected in this patient's record?