A 15-year-old is newly diagnosed with scoliosis and refuses to wear the prescribed brace due to embarrassment.
What is the best nursing intervention?
Emphasize the importance of treatment compliance.
Tell the adolescent their peers will not notice.
Involve the adolescent in selecting brace customization options.
Explain the risks of noncompliance.
The Correct Answer is C
Choice A rationale
Emphasizing compliance without addressing the underlying emotional distress of an adolescent regarding body image can be counterproductive. Adherence to medical regimens, especially those affecting appearance, is significantly influenced by psychosocial factors and perceived stigma. A confrontational approach often increases resistance, hindering long-term treatment success.
Choice B rationale
Dismissing an adolescent's concern about peer perception trivializes their developmental stage, where social acceptance and body image are paramount. Telling them peers will not notice is often untrue and undermines trust, as adolescents are highly attuned to social cues and peer judgment, which can lead to further noncompliance.
Choice C rationale
Involving the adolescent in brace customization promotes autonomy and ownership over their treatment, significantly increasing compliance. This approach addresses the emotional impact of body image concerns by allowing for personalization, which can mitigate feelings of embarrassment and enhance self-esteem during a critical developmental period.
Choice D rationale
While explaining risks is important for informed consent, focusing solely on negative consequences without offering solutions or addressing emotional barriers can instill fear without promoting adherence. This approach can also lead to resentment or a feeling of being lectured, further alienating the adolescent from treatment.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is D
Explanation
Choice A rationale
A possible sign of pregnancy typically refers to a cluster of symptoms or physical changes that *could* suggest pregnancy but are not definitive, such as missed menses or breast tenderness. Feeling fetal movement is more specific and falls into a more advanced category of signs.
Choice B rationale
A presumptive sign of pregnancy refers to subjective changes experienced by the woman that suggest pregnancy but could be caused by other conditions. Examples include nausea, fatigue, and amenorrhea. While fetal movement *could* be subjective, a woman feeling it is generally considered a strong indicator.
Choice C rationale
A probable sign of pregnancy refers to objective signs noted by an examiner that strongly suggest pregnancy but are still not definitive. Examples include a positive pregnancy test (detects hCG, which can be elevated in other conditions), Hegar's sign (softening of the lower uterine segment), and Chadwick's sign (bluish discoloration of the cervix).
Choice D rationale
A positive sign of pregnancy refers to objective evidence that can only be attributed to the presence of a fetus. Feeling the baby move, known as quickening when felt by the mother, is a strong indicator. However, *actual* positive signs include fetal heart tones detected by an examiner, visualization of the fetus by ultrasound, or palpation of fetal parts by an examiner. The mother feeling movement is considered a positive sign because it's highly specific to fetal presence.
Correct Answer is B
Explanation
Choice A rationale
Muscular dystrophy is a progressive, incurable genetic disorder characterized by muscle degeneration and weakness. While supportive care can manage symptoms and complications, there is currently no known cure. Therefore, setting a goal to cure the disease is unrealistic and inappropriate in the nursing care plan.
Choice B rationale
Children with muscular dystrophy experience progressive muscle weakness, increasing their risk of falls, fractures, and respiratory complications. A primary nursing goal is to prevent injury by implementing strategies such as maintaining mobility within limits, providing assistive devices, ensuring a safe environment, and monitoring for complications.
Choice C rationale
Muscular dystrophy leads to progressive muscle weakness, making rapid ambulation increasingly difficult and eventually impossible. Promoting rapid ambulation as a goal is counterproductive and unrealistic, as it does not align with the progressive nature of the disease and could lead to injury. The focus shifts to maintaining mobility for as long as possible.
Choice D rationale
Reversing muscle weakness in muscular dystrophy is not possible because the disease involves the degeneration of muscle fibers due to genetic defects. Nursing interventions focus on managing symptoms, slowing progression, and maintaining function, but they cannot reverse the underlying pathological process of muscle fiber loss and replacement with connective tissue.
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