A 38-year-old construction worker reports hand weakness and difficulty gripping tools. Examination reveals atrophy of the thenar eminence and decreased sensation in the thumb, index, and middle fingers. What diagnostic test would most likely confirm the diagnosis of carpal tunnel syndrome?

MRI of the wrist

Electromyography (EMG) and nerve conduction studies

Ultrasound of the wrist

X-ray of the wrist

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is B

A.   MRI of the wrist can help rule out other conditions, but it is not the most specific test for diagnosing carpal tunnel syndrome.
B.   Electromyography (EMG) and nerve conduction studies are the gold standard for diagnosing carpal tunnel syndrome. These tests measure the electrical activity of the muscles and the speed of nerve impulses to confirm nerve compression.

C.   Ultrasound of the wrist may be helpful in visualizing the median nerve but is not as definitive as EMG and nerve conduction studies.
D.   X-ray of the wrist would not be useful in diagnosing carpal tunnel syndrome as it does not show soft tissue or nerve involvement.

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Correct Answer is ["A","B","D","E"]

Explanation

A. Mast cells play a crucial role in the pathophysiology of asthma. They release histamine and other inflammatory mediators, which contribute to airway inflammation and bronchoconstriction in status asthmaticus.
B. T lymphocytes are involved in the immune response during asthma exacerbations. They release cytokines that further drive inflammation and airway remodeling in status asthmaticus.
C. Hyperreactivity is a characteristic of asthma, but it is a result of inflammation, rather than being a direct cause of the circulatory surge of inflammatory cells and cytokines.
D. Inflammation is a central feature of status asthmaticus. It leads to airway narrowing, increased mucus production, and the recruitment of inflammatory cells, contributing to severe symptoms.
E. Epithelial cells are involved in airway inflammation and repair. They release pro-inflammatory cytokines that attract immune cells to the site of infection or irritation, contributing to airway obstruction in asthma.

A. Increased creatinine levels B. Elevated serum amylase C. Decreased albumin levels D. Elevated serum bilirubin level

Correct Answer is D

Explanation

A. Increased creatinine levels may indicate kidney dysfunction, but it is not specifically related to liver metastasis.
B. Elevated serum amylase is typically associated with pancreatic conditions and not directly with liver metastasis.
C. Decreased albumin levels may occur with liver dysfunction but is not specific to liver metastasis.
D. Elevated serum bilirubin levels are a key indicator of liver dysfunction, and when seen in the context of jaundice and a history of colon cancer, they strongly suggest liver metastasis as the underlying cause.

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A 38-year-old construction worker reports hand weakness and difficulty gripping tools. Examination reveals atrophy of the thenar eminence and decreased sensation in the thumb, index, and middle fingers. What diagnostic test would most likely confirm the diagnosis of carpal tunnel syndrome?

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Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

A nurse is caring for a client with manifestations of status asthmaticus. Which of the following factors play a role in creating circulatory surge of inflammatory cells and cytokines in this condition? (Select all that apply.)

Correct Answer is ["A","B","D","E"]

Explanation

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Correct Answer is D

Explanation

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