A nurse is preparing to administer oxygen therapy to a patient who has just undergone abdominal surgery. Which of the following interventions is most important to ensure proper oxygenation?

Encourage the patient to take deep breaths and use an incentive spirometer regularly.

Set the oxygen flow rate based on the patient's subjective feeling of breathlessness.

Administer oxygen at 6 L/min through a nasal cannula without an order.

Place the patient in a Trendelenburg position to facilitate oxygen delivery.

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is A

A.   Encouraging deep breaths and using an incentive spirometer can help prevent atelectasis and improve oxygenation after surgery, as it encourages lung expansion.
B.   Setting the oxygen flow rate based on subjective breathlessness is not ideal; oxygen should be administered according to established protocols and patient need.
C.   Administering oxygen without an order is not appropriate and could lead to oxygen toxicity.
D.   The Trendelenburg position is not necessary for oxygenation and could lead to increased pressure on the abdomen and respiratory distress.

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Correct Answer is D

Explanation

A. Administering feeding solution directly from the refrigerator can cause discomfort to the patient and increase the risk of gastric upset.
B. Flushing the tube with cold water is not appropriate, as it may irritate the stomach and cause discomfort.
C. Positioning the patient supine at 30 degrees is unsafe, as it increases the risk of aspiration. The patient should be at a higher angle, typically 30-45 degrees.
D. Verifying the pH of gastric aspirate is crucial to ensure the feeding tube is in the correct position and to prevent aspiration of feeding material into the lungs.

A. Nocturia B. Fever and chills C. Increased urinary frequency D. Hesitancy in starting urine flow E. Hematuria F. Abdominal distension G. Decreased urinary stream H. Flank pain

Correct Answer is ["A","C","D","G"]

Explanation

A. Nocturia (frequent urination at night) is a common symptom of BPH due to increased urinary retention and urgency.
B. Fever and chills are not associated with BPH; these symptoms suggest an infection or other underlying condition.
C. Increased urinary frequency is a key symptom of BPH due to pressure on the urethra, making it more difficult to empty the bladder completely.
D. Hesitancy in starting urine flow is common in BPH due to the obstruction of the urethra by the enlarged prostate.
E. Hematuria is not a typical finding of BPH, though it can sometimes occur if the prostate is irritated.
F. Abdominal distension is not typically associated with BPH.
G. Decreased urinary stream is often observed in BPH because the enlarged prostate compresses the urethra, making urination difficult.

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