A patient with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is receiving oxygen therapy at 2 L/min via nasal cannula. After assessing the patient, the nurse notes increased drowsiness and a decreased respiratory rate. What is the most appropriate action for the nurse to take?

Increase the oxygen flow rate to 4 L/min to improve oxygenation.

Switch the patient to a non-rebreather mask for better oxygenation.

Continue to monitor the patient closely and reassess in 30 minutes.

Reduce the oxygen flow rate to 1 L/min and notify the healthcare provider.

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is D

A.   Increasing the oxygen flow rate could worsen respiratory depression in patients with COPD, as they rely on low oxygen levels to stimulate breathing.
B.   Switching to a non-rebreather mask could further elevate the oxygen levels and may lead to hypoventilation or respiratory distress.
C.   Monitoring the patient closely and reassessing in 30 minutes might be appropriate if the patient shows no immediate signs of respiratory distress, but the priority is to address the decreased respiratory rate.
D.   Reducing the oxygen flow rate to 1 L/min and notifying the healthcare provider is the most appropriate action, as it may reduce the risk of respiratory depression caused by excessive oxygen.

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Correct Answer is ["A","C","D","G"]

Explanation

A. Nocturia (frequent urination at night) is a common symptom of BPH due to increased urinary retention and urgency.
B. Fever and chills are not associated with BPH; these symptoms suggest an infection or other underlying condition.
C. Increased urinary frequency is a key symptom of BPH due to pressure on the urethra, making it more difficult to empty the bladder completely.
D. Hesitancy in starting urine flow is common in BPH due to the obstruction of the urethra by the enlarged prostate.
E. Hematuria is not a typical finding of BPH, though it can sometimes occur if the prostate is irritated.
F. Abdominal distension is not typically associated with BPH.
G. Decreased urinary stream is often observed in BPH because the enlarged prostate compresses the urethra, making urination difficult.

A. Elevated ketones in the urine B. Presence of nitrites in the urine C. Low specific gravity D. Presence of glucose in the urine

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

A. Elevated ketones in the urine can indicate diabetic ketoacidosis or starvation but is not specific to a UTI.
B. Nitrites are commonly found in the urine of patients with UTIs due to bacterial conversion of urinary nitrates to nitrites. This is a hallmark finding of a UTI.
C. Low specific gravity indicates diluted urine, which is not a direct indicator of a UTI.
D. Glucose in the urine could indicate diabetes but is not a typical finding for a UTI.

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A patient with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is receiving oxygen therapy at 2 L/min via nasal cannula. After assessing the patient, the nurse notes increased drowsiness and a decreased respiratory rate. What is the most appropriate action for the nurse to take?

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Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

A 68-year-old male patient presents with symptoms of benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH). Which findings are consistent with BPH? (Select All that Apply.)

Correct Answer is ["A","C","D","G"]

Explanation

A 30-year-old female patient presents with symptoms of dysuria, urgency, and frequency. A urinalysis is performed. Which of the following findings would most likely confirm a diagnosis of a urinary tract infection (UTI)?

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

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