A 4-year-old child grabs toys from siblings, saying. "I want that toy now!" The siblings cry, and the child's parent becomes upset with the behavior. Using the Freudian theory, a nurse can interpret the child's behavior as a product of impulses originating in the:
id
ego
superego
preconscious
The Correct Answer is A
A. id: According to Freudian theory, the id is the part of the psyche that contains primal and instinctual drives, such as the desire for immediate gratification and pleasure without considering consequences or societal norms. The id operates based on the pleasure principle, seeking to fulfill desires and needs without delay. In the scenario described, the 4-year-old child's behavior of grabbing toys and expressing immediate desires ("I want that toy now!") without considering others' feelings or waiting can be interpreted as impulsive behavior driven by the id's desire for immediate gratification.
B. ego: The ego, in Freudian theory, is the part of the psyche that mediates between the demands of the id, superego, and reality. It operates based on the reality principle, seeking to satisfy the id's desires in a socially acceptable and realistic manner. The ego considers consequences and social norms when making decisions. However, in the scenario provided, the child's behavior appears more impulsive and driven by immediate desires rather than being mediated by the ego's considerations.
C. superego: The superego represents the internalized moral standards and ideals learned from society, parents, and cultural influences. It functions to enforce moral and ethical behavior by instilling guilt, shame, or pride based on adherence or deviation from these standards. While the superego plays a role in shaping behavior and impulse control, the child's impulsive behavior in the scenario is more reflective of id-driven impulses rather than superego influences.
D. preconscious: The preconscious, in Freudian theory, contains thoughts, memories, and information that are not currently in awareness but can be easily accessed and brought into consciousness. It serves as a reservoir of information that can influence conscious thoughts and behaviors. However, the child's impulsive behavior in the scenario is not directly related to preconscious processes but rather to immediate desires and impulses associated with the id.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is A
Explanation
A. Rationalization:
Rationalization involves providing logical or rational explanations to justify one's behavior or actions, especially when faced with anxiety or guilt. In this scenario, the student is rationalizing their decision to go to the party instead of studying by attributing their low exam score to having to work too much. This rationalization serves as a way to lessen feelings of guilt or responsibility for not studying adequately. In this scenario, the most applicable defense mechanism is A. Rationalization, as the student is providing a logical explanation to justify their behavior and avoid taking full responsibility for their actions or decisions.
B. Denial:
Denial is a defense mechanism where an individual refuses to accept or acknowledge reality or facts that are too painful or distressing. If the student were in denial, they would outright reject or refuse to believe that their decision to attend the party had any impact on their exam performance, despite evidence suggesting otherwise.
C. Regression:
Regression involves reverting to earlier, more childlike behaviors or coping mechanisms in response to stress or anxiety. If the student were exhibiting regression, they might engage in behaviors characteristic of a less mature or responsible approach to handling academic challenges, such as avoiding responsibility or blaming external factors without taking personal accountability.
D. Suppression:
Suppression is a defense mechanism where an individual consciously pushes aside or ignores thoughts, feelings, or impulses that are distressing or unacceptable. If the student were suppressing their feelings of guilt or regret about attending the party instead of studying, they would be deliberately trying to ignore or push away these emotions rather than addressing them directly.
Correct Answer is ["740"]
Explanation
To calculate the total intake in mL:
-
4 oz juice = 4 × 30 = 120 mL
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6 oz tea = 6 × 30 = 180 mL
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100 mL ice chips = 100 × 0.5 = 50 mL (ice chips count as half volume)
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IV bolus = 150 mL
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8 oz broth = 8 × 30 = 240 mL
Total intake:
120 + 180 + 50 + 150 + 240 = 740
Correct answer: 740
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