A 45-year-old patient presents to the emergency department with epigastric pain, nausea, and occasional vomiting. The patient's history reveals chronic NSAID use for osteoarthritis. Laboratory tests indicate normal liver function but show the presence of Helicobacter pylori antibodies. Which of the following is the most likely diagnosis?

Peptic ulcer disease

Acute gastritis due to NSAID use

Functional dyspepsia

Chronic gastritis due to Helicobacter pylori infection

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is D

A.   Peptic ulcer disease is possible, but the patient's NSAID use and positive H. pylori antibodies suggest a more specific cause related to gastritis.
B.   Acute gastritis due to NSAID use is likely since NSAIDs can irritate the stomach lining and increase the risk of ulcers.
C.   Functional dyspepsia is less likely given the presence of H. pylori antibodies, which typically indicate an active infection.
D.   Chronic gastritis due to Helicobacter pylori infection is the most likely diagnosis, especially with the combination of NSAID use and positive H. pylori antibodies.

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Correct Answer is ["320"]

Explanation

Net fluid balance = Total intake - Total output

Rationale:

Total intake:

IV fluids: 1,000 mL

Antibiotic infusion: 250 mL

Oral intake: 3 cups x 240 mL = 720 mL

Total intake = 1,000 + 250 + 720 = 1,970 mL Total output:

Urine: 1,200 mL

Vomiting: 300 mL Wound drainage: 150 mL

Total output = 1,200 + 300 + 150 = 1,650 mL

Net fluid balance = 1,970 mL - 1,650 mL = +320 mL

The patient has a positive fluid balance of 320 mL.

A. Staring spells with a brief loss of awareness B. Sudden, brief involuntary muscle jerks typically occurring on both sides of the body. C. Loss of consciousness followed by a period of confusion. D. Prolonged muscle contractions lasting several minutes.

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

A. Staring spells with a brief loss of awareness are characteristic of absence seizures, not myoclonic seizures.
B. Myoclonic seizures involve sudden, brief, involuntary muscle jerks that typically occur on both sides of the body, which is the key characteristic for this type of seizure.
C. Loss of consciousness followed by confusion is characteristic of tonic-clonic or focal seizures, not myoclonic seizures.
D. Prolonged muscle contractions lasting several minutes describe a tonic seizure, which is distinct from myoclonic seizures.

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Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

Correct Answer is ["320"]

Explanation

Rationale:

A 23-year-old patient is diagnosed with myoclonic seizures. Which of the following characteristics is most indicative of this type of seizure?

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

A 58-year-old male patient with a history of colon cancer has developed jaundice. Which laboratory finding would most likely suggest liver metastasis as the cause of the jaundice?

A 60-year-old patient with a history of peptic ulcer disease is admitted to the hospital with complaints of coffee-ground emesis and melena. What is the nurse's most appropriate initial action?

A nurse is assessing a client who has diarrhea. Which of the following findings is a manifestation of hypokalemia?

A nurse is assessing a patient who reports numbness and tingling in the fingers, especially at night. The patient works as a data entry clerk. Which findings support a diagnosis of carpal tunnel syndrome? (Select All that Apply.)

A 40-year-old patient is admitted with sharp, pleuritic chest pain and dyspnea. The nurse observes jugular venous distension and muffled heart sounds on examination. What is the most appropriate initial nursing action for this patient?

A nurse is teaching a client who is at risk for osteoporosis. Which of the following instructions should the nurse include?

A nurse is planning care for a client who has hypernatremia. Which of the following IV solutions should the nurse plan to initiate?

A nurse is caring for a patient receiving enteral nutrition through a nasogastric (NG) tube. Which of the following actions should the nurse take to reduce the risk of aspiration?