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A patient is experiencing anaphylaxis after receiving an antibiotic. Which interventions should the nurse prioritize to address this condition?
(Select All that Apply.)

Administer epinephrine intramuscularly

Start intravenous access for fluid resuscitation.

Provide supplemental oxygen to the patient.

Administer corticosteroids immediately.

Place the patient in a supine position with legs elevated.

Administer oral antihistamines.

Ensure the patient has a patent airway.

Encourage oral fluid intake to counteract hypotension.

Monitor the patient's skin for rashes.

Answer and Explanation

Correct Answer : A,B,C,G

A.   Administering epinephrine intramuscularly is the first-line treatment for anaphylaxis, as it counteracts the effects of histamine and reduces swelling.
B.   Starting intravenous access allows for fluid resuscitation and the administration of medications like epinephrine or corticosteroids.
C.   Providing supplemental oxygen is necessary to support the patient's breathing and improve oxygenation during an anaphylactic reaction.
D.   Corticosteroids may be used later to reduce inflammation, but they are not first-line treatments for anaphylaxis.
E.   Placing the patient in a supine position with legs elevated may be helpful for circulation, but it is not the priority over administering epinephrine.

F.   Oral antihistamines are not effective in the acute management of anaphylaxis, which requires immediate action.
G.   Ensuring the patient's airway is patent is the top priority, as airway compromise can occur rapidly during anaphylaxis.
H.   Encouraging oral fluid intake is not appropriate in this emergency situation, as intravenous fluids are needed.
I.   Monitoring the patient's skin for rashes is important but secondary to managing the airway and circulation.

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Correct Answer is C

Explanation

A. Furosemide is a diuretic and is not associated with PML.
B. Metoprolol is a beta-blocker and does not cause PML.
C. Natalizumab is an immunosuppressant used for multiple sclerosis and has been linked to the development of PML, a serious brain infection.
D. Pregabalin is used for neuropathic pain and does not carry a risk for PML.

A. Increased creatinine levels B. Elevated serum amylase C. Decreased albumin levels D. Elevated serum bilirubin level

Correct Answer is D

Explanation

A. Increased creatinine levels may indicate kidney dysfunction, but it is not specifically related to liver metastasis.
B. Elevated serum amylase is typically associated with pancreatic conditions and not directly with liver metastasis.
C. Decreased albumin levels may occur with liver dysfunction but is not specific to liver metastasis.
D. Elevated serum bilirubin levels are a key indicator of liver dysfunction, and when seen in the context of jaundice and a history of colon cancer, they strongly suggest liver metastasis as the underlying cause.

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A patient is experiencing anaphylaxis after receiving an antibiotic. Which interventions should the nurse prioritize to address this condition? (Select All that Apply.)

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A patient is experiencing anaphylaxis after receiving an antibiotic. Which interventions should the nurse prioritize to address this condition?
(Select All that Apply.)