A 6-year-old child with daytime enuresis complains of dysuria and urgency. What does the nurse recognize these signs and symptoms indicate?

Urinary tract infection

Nephrotic syndrome

Acute glomerulonephritis

Vesicoureteral reflux

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is A

A. Urinary tract infection: Dysuria (painful urination) and urgency are common symptoms of urinary tract infection (UTI) in children.
B. Nephrotic syndrome: Nephrotic syndrome typically presents with proteinuria, edema, and hypoalbuminemia, not dysuria and urgency.
C. Acute glomerulonephritis: Acute glomerulonephritis may present with hematuria, proteinuria, hypertension, and edema, but not typically with dysuria and urgency.
D. Vesicoureteral reflux: Vesicoureteral reflux may present with recurrent UTIs but is not typically associated with dysuria and urgency as primary symptoms.

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Correct Answer is C

Explanation

A. Wash bed linens in cold water. Washing bed linens in cold water is ineffective for killing pinworm eggs. Hot water should be used to properly sanitize linens and kill the eggs.
B. Clean the bathroom with bleach solution. While cleaning the bathroom with bleach can help reduce contamination, it is not a primary or effective measure for preventing pinworm spread and reinfection in a household setting.
C. Keep children's nails short. Keeping nails short reduces the likelihood of the child scratching the perianal area, where pinworm eggs are deposited, and then ingesting the eggs through hand-to-mouth contact. This helps prevent the spread and reinfection of pinworms.
D. Dress child in loose-fitting underwear. Loose-fitting underwear does not specifically help in preventing the spread or reinfection of pinworms. Tight-fitting underwear may actually be better to prevent the spread of eggs to other surfaces.

A. "Has your child had any diarrhea?" B. "Have you noticed any rashes on your child?" C. "Did your child sustain any injuries to the kidney area?" D. "Did your child recently complain of a sore throat?"

Correct Answer is D

Explanation

A. "Has your child had any diarrhea?" Diarrhea is not typically associated with glomerulonephritis.
B. "Have you noticed any rashes on your child?" Rashes are not typically associated with glomerulonephritis.
C. "Did your child sustain any injuries to the kidney area?" Direct kidney trauma is not a common cause of glomerulonephritis in children.
D. "Did your child recently complain of a sore throat?" Poststreptococcal glomerulonephritis (a common cause of acute glomerulonephritis in children) often follows a streptococcal throat or skin infection. Asking about a recent sore throat can provide important information about a possible streptococcal infection.

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A 6-year-old child with daytime enuresis complains of dysuria and urgency. What does the nurse recognize these signs and symptoms indicate?

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Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

What instruction will the nurse give to parents about preventing the spread and reinfection of pinworms?

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

The nurse is collecting data on a child recently diagnosed with glomerulonephritis. Which question to the parent would elicit information about the cause of this disease?

Correct Answer is D

Explanation

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