A 60-year-old patient with a history of peptic ulcer disease is admitted to the hospital with complaints of coffee-ground emesis and melena. What is the nurse's most appropriate initial action?

Encourage the patient to take deep breaths and relax.

Prepare the patient for an abdominal ultrasound.

Administer oral proton pump inhibitors as prescribed.

Initiate intravenous (IV) access and administer fluids as prescribed.

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is D

A.   Encouraging the patient to relax and breathe deeply does not address the immediate concerns of potential hemorrhage.
B.   An abdominal ultrasound is not the first step in managing potential GI bleeding; stabilization is the priority.
C.   Proton pump inhibitors are important for managing peptic ulcer disease, but the immediate priority is
stabilizing the patient’s condition.
D.   Initiating IV access and administering fluids as prescribed is essential to stabilize the patient, manage shock, and address potential blood loss from gastrointestinal bleeding.

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Correct Answer is B

Explanation

A. Aspirin can irritate the gastrointestinal lining, making it unsuitable for patients with GERD.
B. Alcohol and caffeine both relax the lower esophageal sphincter, which can increase the risk of acid reflux and worsen GERD symptoms.
C. Lying down immediately after eating can increase the likelihood of acid reflux and exacerbate GERD symptoms.
D. While mercury-containing seafood can be harmful in other contexts, it is not directly linked to GERD and should not be a primary concern.

A. Hyperactive bowel sounds B. Cerebral edema C. Hypertension D. Muscle weakness

Correct Answer is D

Explanation

A. Hyperactive bowel sounds are typically seen with diarrhea but are not a sign of hypokalemia.
B. Cerebral edema can occur with severe electrolyte imbalances, but it is not specifically related to hypokalemia caused by diarrhea.
C. Hypertension is not a typical symptom of hypokalemia; rather, hypokalemia often leads to low blood pressure.
D. Muscle weakness is a classic sign of hypokalemia because potassium is essential for proper muscle function, and low levels can impair contraction.

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A 60-year-old patient with a history of peptic ulcer disease is admitted to the hospital with complaints of coffee-ground emesis and melena. What is the nurse's most appropriate initial action?

Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

A nurse is educating a client about the risk factors for GERD (gastroesophageal reflux disease). Which of the following statements should the nurse include?

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

A nurse is assessing a client who has diarrhea. Which of the following findings is a manifestation of hypokalemia?

Correct Answer is D

Explanation

A nurse is caring for a patient receiving continuous enteral feeding through a nasogastric tube. During the assessment, the nurse discovers that the patient is experiencing diarrhea. Which of the following actions should the nurse take to address this complication?

A 40-year-old patient is admitted with sharp, pleuritic chest pain and dyspnea. The nurse observes jugular venous distension and muffled heart sounds on examination. What is the most appropriate initial nursing action for this patient?

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A nurse is planning care for a client who has multiple sclerosis and is receiving methylprednisolone. Which of the following adverse effects should the nurse anticipate? (Select all that apply.)

A nurse is teaching a client who is at risk for osteoporosis. Which of the following instructions should the nurse include?

A nurse is caring for a client who states their parent died from complications of a GI bleed. Which of the following statements from the nurse will help the client decrease their risk of developing a peptic ulcer?

A patient with Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus is admitted to the emergency department with deep, rapid breathing, abdominal pain, and confusion. Which of the following laboratory findings would most likely confirm a diagnosis of diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA)?

A nurse is preparing to administer oxygen therapy to a patient who has just undergone abdominal surgery. Which of the following interventions is most important to ensure proper oxygenation?