A 65-year-old patient with a history of osteoarthritis reports increased pain and stiffness in the knees, particularly in the morning and after prolonged inactivity. Which intervention is most appropriate to recommend to this patient to help alleviate these symptoms?
Initiate high-intensity weight-bearing exercises.
Increase dietary intake of calcium and vitamin D supplements.
Avoid all physical activity to prevent further joint damage.
Apply heat therapy to the affected joints before engaging in physical activity.
The Correct Answer is D
A. High-intensity weight-bearing exercises can exacerbate pain in patients with osteoarthritis and is not appropriate for alleviating knee stiffness.
B. Calcium and vitamin D supplementation is important for bone health, but it will not directly address the pain and stiffness associated with osteoarthritis.
C. Avoiding physical activity is not recommended for osteoarthritis; instead, moderate exercise can help improve joint function.
D. Applying heat therapy to the affected joints before engaging in physical activity is an effective method for alleviating stiffness and promoting mobility. Heat helps relax muscles and improve blood flow to the affected area.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is ["A","B","D"]
Explanation
A. Genetics play a significant role in the development of multiple sclerosis (MS). Having a family history of MS increases the risk, suggesting a hereditary component to the condition.
B. Environmental factors, such as living in areas with low sunlight or viral infections like Epstein-Barr virus, have been linked to a higher incidence of MS, suggesting environmental triggers may contribute to disease onset.
C. Upper respiratory infections are not directly associated with the development of multiple sclerosis. While infections may trigger MS flare-ups, they are not primary contributors to its development.
D. Autoimmune factors are central to the pathophysiology of MS, where the body’s immune system mistakenly attacks the central nervous system, causing the characteristic lesions and nerve damage seen in MS.
E. Urinary tract infections are common complications in individuals with MS, but they do not contribute to the disease's development itself.
Correct Answer is ["C","D"]
Explanation
A. Using sterile water is recommended for flushing the tube before and after feeding, but it is not the most critical step in preventing complications.
B. Lowering the head of the bed to 15 degrees during feeding may increase the risk of aspiration, as a higher elevation is typically recommended.
C. Changing the feeding bag and tubing every 24 hours helps prevent bacterial contamination and reduces the risk of infection.
D. Checking for residual volume before each feeding helps ensure that the stomach is empty, reducing the risk of aspiration.
E. Adding crushed medications to the enteral formula is not recommended, as it can alter the formula's absorption and cause clogging of the tube.
F. Administering the feeding in a continuous cycle over 24 hours is typically done for certain patients, but it is not essential to prevent complications in all cases.
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