A 55-year-old patient with newly diagnosed Type II Diabetes Mellitus is being educated on lifestyle modifications to manage their condition. Which of the following dietary recommendations would be most effective in controlling their blood glucose levels?

Drink fruit juices instead of whole fruits to avoid fiber.

Eliminate all carbohydrates from the diet.

Increase intake of high-per foods such as vegetables and whole grains.

Consume high-protein, high-fat meals to maintain satiety.

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is C

A.   Drinking fruit juices instead of whole fruits may increase blood sugar levels due to the lack of fiber in juices. Whole fruits are better for blood glucose control.
B.   Eliminating all carbohydrates is not advisable, as carbohydrates are necessary for energy. A balanced diet with controlled carbohydrates is recommended.
C.   Increasing the intake of high-fiber foods like vegetables and whole grains helps regulate blood glucose levels by slowing digestion and improving insulin sensitivity.
D.   Consuming high-protein, high-fat meals could negatively affect blood sugar levels and cardiovascular health, which is a concern for diabetics.

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Correct Answer is ["G","H"]

Explanation

A. Advising the patient to take antacids only when severe pain occurs may not be effective. Antacids should be used regularly or as prescribed for consistent symptom relief.
B. Instructing the patient to eat three large meals per day may exacerbate symptoms; smaller, more frequent meals are often better for managing gastritis.
C. Encouraging smoking to reduce stress is harmful, as smoking can exacerbate gastritis and increase stomach acid production.
D. Spicy foods should be avoided in gastritis, as they can irritate the stomach lining.
E. NSAIDs should be avoided in gastritis because they can irritate the gastric mucosa and worsen symptoms.
F. Coffee can stimulate acid production and may irritate the stomach lining, so it should be avoided.
G. Proton pump inhibitors (PPIs) help reduce gastric acid secretion and are a mainstay treatment for gastritis.
H. A bland diet is recommended, as it avoids irritating foods and allows the stomach lining to heal.

A. Elevated ketones in the urine B. Presence of nitrites in the urine C. Low specific gravity D. Presence of glucose in the urine

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

A. Elevated ketones in the urine can indicate diabetic ketoacidosis or starvation but is not specific to a UTI.
B. Nitrites are commonly found in the urine of patients with UTIs due to bacterial conversion of urinary nitrates to nitrites. This is a hallmark finding of a UTI.
C. Low specific gravity indicates diluted urine, which is not a direct indicator of a UTI.
D. Glucose in the urine could indicate diabetes but is not a typical finding for a UTI.

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A 55-year-old patient with newly diagnosed Type II Diabetes Mellitus is being educated on lifestyle modifications to manage their condition. Which of the following dietary recommendations would be most effective in controlling their blood glucose levels?

Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

A patient is diagnosed with gastritis after presenting with abdominal discomfort and nausea. As a nurse, which interventions would be appropriate for managing this patient's condition? (Select All that Apply.)

Correct Answer is ["G","H"]

Explanation

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Correct Answer is B

Explanation

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