A breastfeeding woman develops engorged breasts at 3 days postpartum.
What action would help this woman achieve her goal of reducing the engorgement?

Reduces her fluid intake for 24 hours.

Breastfeeds her infant every 2 hours.

Avoids using a breast pump.

Skips feedings to let her sore breasts rest.

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is B

Choice A rationale

Reducing fluid intake will not alleviate breast engorgement and may even be detrimental to milk production and overall maternal hydration. Engorgement is caused by increased blood flow and milk production in the breasts, not excess fluid intake.

Choice B rationale

Frequent breastfeeding, ideally every 1-2 hours, helps to remove milk from the breasts, which relieves pressure and engorgement. Regular emptying of the breasts signals the body to regulate milk production and prevents the buildup of milk that causes discomfort and can lead to complications like mastitis.

Choice C rationale

Avoiding the use of a breast pump when breasts are engorged can worsen the condition. A breast pump can be used to express milk and relieve pressure if the infant is not feeding effectively or frequently enough. Complete milk removal is key to reducing engorgement.

Choice D rationale

Skipping feedings will exacerbate breast engorgement as milk will continue to accumulate in the breasts, increasing pressure, pain, and the risk of complications. Regular milk removal is essential for managing engorgement and establishing a healthy breastfeeding pattern.

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Correct Answer is A

Explanation

Choice A rationale

Mongolian spots are benign, flat bluish or bluish-gray birthmarks that commonly appear on the buttocks, lower back, or thighs of newborns, particularly those with darker skin tones, including African Americans, Asians, and Hispanics. They are caused by the entrapment of melanocytes (pigment-producing cells) deep within the dermis during fetal development. These spots typically fade spontaneously within a few years and are not indicative of any underlying medical condition or trauma.

Choice B rationale

Lanugo is fine, downy hair that covers the body of some newborns, especially preterm infants. It is usually shed within the last few weeks of gestation or shortly after birth and is unrelated to bruising or pigmented spots on the buttocks.

Choice C rationale

Nevus flammeus, also known as a port-wine stain, is a vascular malformation of the skin that appears as a flat, pink, red, or purple birthmark. It is caused by dilated capillaries and does not typically occur as bluish spots on the buttocks. Port-wine stains are usually permanent and may darken with age.

Choice D rationale

Vascular nevus, also known as a strawberry hemangioma, is a raised, red, bumpy birthmark composed of extra blood vessels. While it is a type of birthmark, it does not present as flat, bluish spots on the buttocks. Hemangiomas typically grow rapidly in the first few months of life and then gradually shrink over several years.

A. Weight loss B. Hypotension C. Dysuria D. Tachycardia

Correct Answer is {"A":{"answers":"A"},"B":{"answers":"A"},"C":{"answers":"B"},"D":{"answers":"A"}}

Explanation

Rationales for Each Condition

Hyperemesis Gravidarum

Weight loss: Excessive vomiting leads to poor nutritional intake and dehydration, causing unintended weight loss. The normal weight gain expected in the first trimester of pregnancy is around 0.5–2 kg. A weight loss of 0.9 kg in two weeks is concerning.
Hypotension: Dehydration due to persistent vomiting causes reduced intravascular volume, leading to low blood pressure. Normal blood pressure ranges from 90/60 mm Hg to 120/80 mm Hg. The client's 96/52 mm Hg value indicates potential volume depletion.
Tachycardia: Fluid loss and electrolyte imbalances increase heart rate as a compensatory mechanism to maintain perfusion. The normal heart rate ranges from 60–100 bpm, and the client's 116 bpm suggests dehydration-related tachycardia.

Cystitis

Dysuria: Inflammation of the bladder due to infection causes pain or burning during urination, a classic symptom of cystitis. The absence of other urinary symptoms, such as urgency or hematuria, helps differentiate cystitis from other conditions.

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A breastfeeding woman develops engorged breasts at 3 days postpartum.What action would help this woman achieve her goal of reducing the engorgement?

Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

An African American woman noticed some bruises on her newborn girl's buttocks. She asks the nurse who spanked her daughter. The nurse explains that these marks are called:

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

A nurse is caring for a 26-year-old female client who is at 14 weeks of gestation in the antepartum clinic. Exhibits For each assessment finding, click to specify if the finding is consistent with hyperemesis gravidarum or cystitis. Each finding may support more than one pregnancy complication.

Correct Answer is {"A":{"answers":"A"},"B":{"answers":"A"},"C":{"answers":"B"},"D":{"answers":"A"}}

Explanation

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A nurse is caring for a 26-year-old female client who is at 14 weeks of gestation in the antepartum clinic. Exhibits Select the 3 findings that are unexpected.

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A nurse assesses a client in labor and suspects dysfunctional labor (hypotonic uterine dysfunction). The woman's membranes have ruptured and fetopelvic disproportion is ruled out.Which intervention would the nurse expect to include in the plan of care for this client?

A breastfeeding woman develops engorged breasts at 3 days postpartum.
What action would help this woman achieve her goal of reducing the engorgement?