A child is growing at a rate appropriate for their age. What cells are responsible for the secretion of bone matrix that eventually results in bone growth?

Lamellae.

Osteoblasts.

Osteocytes.

Osteoclasts.

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is B

Choice A rationale

Lamellae are layers of bone tissue arranged in concentric circles in compact bone, not cells responsible for bone matrix secretion.

Choice B rationale

Osteoblasts are the cells responsible for the secretion of bone matrix. They produce collagen and other substances necessary for bone formation and growth.

Choice C rationale

Osteocytes are mature bone cells derived from osteoblasts. They maintain bone tissue but do not secrete bone matrix.

Choice D rationale

Osteoclasts are cells involved in the resorption of bone tissue, not the secretion of bone matrix. They break down bone tissue during growth and repair.

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Correct Answer is B

Explanation

Choice A rationale

Vitiligo is a condition characterized by depigmentation of the skin, leading to white patches. It does not typically affect the fingernails, so pitting on the surface of the nails is not indicative of vitiligo.

Choice B rationale

Psoriasis is a chronic skin condition that often affects the nails, leading to pitting or the appearance of small depressions on the nail surface. Nail psoriasis can also cause discoloration, thickening, and separation of the nail from the nail bed.

Choice C rationale

Melanoma is a type of skin cancer that can affect the nails, causing dark streaks or pigmentation changes. However, pitting on the surface of the nails is not a characteristic feature of melanoma.

Choice D rationale

Diabetes can lead to various nail changes, including thickening and yellowing of the nails, but it does not typically cause pitting on the nail surface. Pitting is more specific to psoriasis.

A. 5% deficit in body weight compared to pre-illness weight and increased caloric need. B. Significant risk of aspiration coupled with decreased level of consciousness. C. Calorie deficit and muscle wasting combined with low electrolyte levels. D. Inability to take in adequate oral food or fluids within 7 days.

Correct Answer is D

Explanation

Choice A rationale

A 5% deficit in body weight and increased caloric need alone do not warrant the initiation of parenteral nutrition (PN). PN is typically reserved for situations where oral or enteral feeding is not feasible or safe.

Choice B rationale

Significant risk of aspiration and decreased level of consciousness may necessitate alternative feeding methods, such as enteral feeding via a nasogastric or gastrostomy tube. PN is considered when enteral feeding is not possible.

Choice C rationale

Calorie deficit, muscle wasting, and low electrolyte levels indicate malnutrition, but PN is initiated when other feeding methods are inadequate or unsafe.

Choice D rationale

Inability to take in adequate oral food or fluids within 7 days is a clear indication for initiating PN. This ensures the patient receives essential nutrients and prevents further deterioration of their nutritional status.

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A child is growing at a rate appropriate for their age. What cells are responsible for the secretion of bone matrix that eventually results in bone growth?

Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

The nurse is assessing the fingernails of a client at the clinic. The nurse observes pitting on the surface of the nail. What disorder is this finding indicative of?

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

A critical care nurse is caring for a client diagnosed with acute pancreatitis. The nurse knows this client should be started on parenteral nutrition (PN) after what indications?

Correct Answer is D

Explanation

When performing a postoperative assessment on a client who has undergone surgery to manage increased intracranial pressure (ICP), a nurse notes an ICP reading of 0 mm Hg. Which action should the nurse perform first?

Which secondary skin lesions are associated with eczema?

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The nurse documenting an acute open wound should include which characteristics? Select all that apply.

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