The nurse is caring for a client who is in status epilepticus. What medication should the nurse anticipate administering to halt the seizure immediately?
Intravenous phenobarbital.
Oral phenytoin.
Intravenous diazepam.
Oral lorazepam.
The Correct Answer is C
Choice A rationale
Intravenous phenobarbital can be used to treat status epilepticus, but it is not the first-line drug due to its slower onset of action compared to benzodiazepines. Rapid intervention is critical in status epilepticus, and phenobarbital is generally reserved for refractory cases.
Choice B rationale
Oral phenytoin is used for long-term control of seizures but is not effective for immediate cessation of status epilepticus. It takes longer to reach therapeutic levels and is not suitable for acute management.
Choice C rationale
Intravenous diazepam is a benzodiazepine with a rapid onset of action, making it effective in stopping seizures immediately. It enhances GABA activity, which has an inhibitory effect on neuronal firing, providing quick control of status epilepticus. This rapid effect is crucial for minimizing neuronal damage and other complications.
Choice D rationale
Oral lorazepam is effective for long-term management of seizures but is not appropriate for immediate treatment of status epilepticus. The oral route delays absorption and onset of action, making it unsuitable for acute seizure control. .
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is ["C","D"]
Explanation
Choice A rationale
The trigeminal nerve is responsible for facial sensation and motor functions like chewing, not related to gag reflex impairment.
Choice B rationale
The facial nerve controls facial expressions, taste sensations, and other functions but does not influence the gag reflex.
Choice C rationale
The glossopharyngeal nerve (cranial nerve IX) plays a crucial role in the gag reflex as it innervates part of the pharynx and is responsible for sensory functions in the throat.
Choice D rationale
The vagus nerve (cranial nerve X) also contributes to the gag reflex, providing motor innervation to the pharyngeal muscles and aiding in swallowing and speech functions.
Correct Answer is D
Explanation
Choice A rationale
Necrosis is the death of body tissue and can result from various factors, including pressure ulcers, but it is not the direct cause of pressure ulcers.
Choice B rationale
Low capillary pressure is not a direct cause of pressure ulcers. Pressure ulcers are caused by prolonged pressure on the skin, leading to reduced blood flow and tissue damage.
Choice C rationale
Increased mobility is not a cause of pressure ulcers. In fact, decreased mobility or immobility is a significant risk factor for developing pressure ulcers.
Choice D rationale
Extrinsic factors, such as prolonged pressure, friction, and shear, are the primary causes of pressure ulcers. These factors lead to reduced blood flow, tissue ischemia, and ultimately, tissue damage.
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