The nurse is assessing the pupils of a client who has had a head injury. What does the nurse recognize as a parasympathetic effect?

Roth's spots.

One pupil is dilated and the opposite pupil is normal.

Dilated pupils.

Constricted pupils.

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is D

Choice A rationale

Roth's spots are retinal hemorrhages with pale centers, indicative of certain systemic conditions, but do not relate to pupil response or parasympathetic effects.

Choice B rationale

One pupil being dilated while the other is normal could indicate a variety of issues, but not specifically a parasympathetic effect. This condition is known as anisocoria.

Choice C rationale

Dilated pupils, or mydriasis, are usually the result of sympathetic stimulation, not a parasympathetic effect, which involves constriction of the pupils.

Choice D rationale

Constricted pupils, or miosis, are a parasympathetic effect typically resulting from increased activity of the parasympathetic nervous system, which reduces pupil size.

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Correct Answer is D

Explanation

Choice A rationale

Ligaments connect bones and stabilize joints. Age-related changes in ligaments result in decreased elasticity, leading to joint stiffness but not directly causing loss of height.

Choice B rationale

Bones undergo resorption and may lose density with age, leading to osteoporosis. While this contributes to height loss, it is not typically associated with diminished range of motion or flexibility as primary symptoms.

Choice C rationale

Muscles lose mass and strength with aging, a condition known as sarcopenia. This affects flexibility and range of motion but does not lead directly to height loss.

Choice D rationale

Joints are affected by age-related changes such as cartilage wear and synovial fluid reduction, leading to stiffness, loss of flexibility, diminished range of motion, and height loss due to spinal disc compression and vertebral changes.

A. The largest area of the body without hair is selected. B. Any area that is not normally visible can be used. C. An area matching the color and texture of the skin at the surgical site is selected. D. An area matching the sensory capability of the skin at the surgical site is selected. E. An area matching the sensory capability of the skin at the surgical site is selected.

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

Choice A rationale

The largest area of the body without hair is not selected as it is not necessary for the graft to be hairless. The primary concern is matching the color and texture, not the absence of hair.

Choice B rationale

Any area that is not normally visible is not ideal as visibility is not the primary concern. The donor site needs to match the surgical site in color and texture to ensure a natural appearance.

Choice C rationale

An area matching the color and texture of the skin at the surgical site is selected to ensure the graft blends well with the surrounding skin and appears natural once healed.

Choice D rationale

An area matching the sensory capability of the skin at the surgical site is not typically a concern in graft selection. The focus is on the appearance and integration of the graft.

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The nurse is assessing the pupils of a client who has had a head injury. What does the nurse recognize as a parasympathetic effect?

Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

A client is exhibiting diminished range of motion, loss of flexibility, stiffness, and loss of height. The history and physical findings are associated with age-related changes of which area?

Correct Answer is D

Explanation

A client requires a full-thickness graft to cover a chronic wound. How is the donor site selected?

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

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