A client asks the nurse about the potential risk factors for developing femoral hernias. Which of the following factors should the nurse include in the client's education?

Choice A reason:

This statement is correct. Umbilical hernias occur when a portion of the intestine or abdominal tissue pushes through the abdominal wall near the belly button (umbilicus).

Choice B reason:

This statement is correct. Umbilical hernias are more common in infants, as their abdominal muscles are still developing, and in pregnant women due to increased intra-abdominal pressure.

Choice C reason:

This statement is correct. Surgery is typically required to repair an umbilical hernia in adults, especially if the hernia is large, painful, or at risk of complications.

Choice D reason:

This statement is incorrect and indicates a need for further clarification. Umbilical hernias in adults can develop due to factors such as obesity, pregnancy, or chronic coughing. While avoiding heavy lifting may help prevent hernias in general, it is not the primary preventive measure for umbilical hernias.

Choice A reason:

This statement describes the cause of an inguinal hernia, not an incisional hernia. An inguinal hernia occurs in the groin area and is often associated with heavy lifting or straining.

Choice B reason:

This statement is correct. An incisional hernia develops at the site of a previous surgical incision where the abdominal muscles have weakened. The weakness allows abdominal contents to protrude through the scar tissue.

Choice C reason:

This statement describes the cause of a hiatal hernia, not an incisional hernia. A hiatal hernia occurs when a portion of the stomach protrudes into the chest through the diaphragm.

Choice D reason:

This statement describes the cause of an umbilical hernia, not an incisional hernia. An umbilical hernia occurs near the belly button and is more common in infants.