A client diagnosed with chronic viral hepatitis asks the nurse how the virus causes liver damage. How should the nurse respond?
"The virus directly attacks and kills liver cells, leading to liver inflammation and scarring."
"Chronic viral hepatitis leads to an overactive immune response, which damages liver cells over time."
"The virus triggers an autoimmune reaction in the liver, causing damage to healthy liver cells."
"The virus impairs blood flow to the liver, resulting in decreased oxygen supply and subsequent tissue damage."
The Correct Answer is B
A) Incorrect. While the virus does cause damage to liver cells, it primarily does so by triggering an immune response, rather than directly killing the cells.
B) Correct. Chronic viral hepatitis leads to an overactive immune response, which damages liver cells over time. The immune system's attempt to fight the virus can inadvertently lead to inflammation and damage.
C) Incorrect. This describes autoimmune hepatitis, where the immune system mistakenly attacks liver cells, but it is not the mechanism of damage in chronic viral hepatitis.
D) Incorrect. This statement does not accurately describe the pathophysiology of chronic viral hepatitis.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is A
Explanation
A) Correct. A liver biopsy is an invasive procedure where a small sample of liver tissue is removed for examination under a microscope to assess for signs of liver disease.
B) Incorrect. A liver biopsy is an invasive procedure involving the removal of tissue, and it is not considered non-invasive.
C) Incorrect. The administration of radioactive tracers is not part of a standard liver biopsy procedure.
D) Incorrect. While a liver biopsy can provide information about the liver's condition, it is not primarily used to measure blood flow through the liver.
Correct Answer is B
Explanation
A) Incorrect. While protein is important, in the case of hepatic encephalopathy, reducing ammonia levels is the priority. A high-protein diet may exacerbate this condition.
B) Correct. Lactulose is a medication used to reduce ammonia levels in clients with hepatic encephalopathy, which is a complication of advanced cirrhosis.
C) Incorrect. Administering sedatives may worsen hepatic encephalopathy. The focus should be on reducing ammonia levels.
D) Incorrect. Administering iron supplements is not a priority in addressing hepatic encephalopathy. The focus should be on managing ammonia levels.
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