A client diagnosed with chronic viral hepatitis asks the nurse how the virus causes liver damage. How should the nurse respond?
"The virus directly attacks and kills liver cells, leading to liver inflammation and scarring."
"Chronic viral hepatitis leads to an overactive immune response, which damages liver cells over time."
"The virus triggers an autoimmune reaction in the liver, causing damage to healthy liver cells."
"The virus impairs blood flow to the liver, resulting in decreased oxygen supply and subsequent tissue damage."
The Correct Answer is B
A) Incorrect. While the virus does cause damage to liver cells, it primarily does so by triggering an immune response, rather than directly killing the cells.
B) Correct. Chronic viral hepatitis leads to an overactive immune response, which damages liver cells over time. The immune system's attempt to fight the virus can inadvertently lead to inflammation and damage.
C) Incorrect. This describes autoimmune hepatitis, where the immune system mistakenly attacks liver cells, but it is not the mechanism of damage in chronic viral hepatitis.
D) Incorrect. This statement does not accurately describe the pathophysiology of chronic viral hepatitis.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is B
Explanation
Rationale
A) Incorrect. Cirrhosis primarily affects the liver, not the kidneys, and is not a direct cause of dark urine due to impaired kidney function.
B) Correct. Light-colored urine, particularly pale or clay-colored, can be a common symptom of cirrhosis, especially in the early stages, due to impaired bilirubin processing by the liver.
C) Incorrect. While urine color is not directly related to cirrhosis, changes in color can occur as a result of liver dysfunction.
D) Incorrect. Blood in the urine (hematuria) is not a typical symptom of cirrhosis and would warrant further evaluation.
Correct Answer is B
Explanation
A) Incorrect. Liver function tests do not directly visualize the liver's structure. They assess biochemical markers in the blood related to liver function.
B) Correct. Liver function tests measure specific markers in the blood to evaluate how well the liver is functioning and to identify signs of damage or dysfunction.
C) Incorrect. Liver function tests do not primarily involve measuring blood flow through the liver. They focus on assessing biochemical markers.
D) Incorrect. While liver function tests can provide information about viral infections in the liver, they are not primarily used for this purpose. Specific viral tests would be ordered if infection is suspected.
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