A nurse is assessing a client with cirrhosis. Which finding is most indicative of advanced cirrhosis?
Spider angiomas, jaundice, and ascites
Mild fatigue and occasional abdominal discomfort
Elevated liver enzymes and occasional nausea
Mild splenomegaly and weight loss
The Correct Answer is A
A) Correct. Spider angiomas (vascular lesions on the skin), jaundice (yellowing of the skin and eyes), and ascites (accumulation of fluid in the abdomen) are indicative of advanced cirrhosis.
B) Incorrect. Mild fatigue and occasional abdominal discomfort may be present in cirrhosis, but they are not specific indicators of advanced disease.
C) Incorrect. Elevated liver enzymes and occasional nausea can be seen in cirrhosis, but they do not specifically indicate advanced stages.
D) Incorrect. Mild splenomegaly (enlarged spleen) and weight loss can occur in cirrhosis, but they are not as indicative of advanced disease as the combination of spider angiomas, jaundice, and ascites.
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Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is B
Explanation
A) Incorrect. Avoiding all physical contact with family members is unnecessary. Transmission precautions can be taken without completely isolating oneself.
B) Correct. Using separate utensils and avoiding sharing personal items can help prevent the transmission of hepatitis, as the virus can be present in bodily fluids.
C) Incorrect. While blood-to-blood contact is a significant mode of transmission, hepatitis can also be transmitted through other bodily fluids, so standard precautions are important.
D) Incorrect. Even if a partner has been vaccinated against hepatitis, it's important to take precautions to prevent transmission, as vaccines are not always 100% effective.
Correct Answer is B
Explanation
A) Incorrect. While exposure to environmental toxins can contribute to liver damage, it is not the primary cause of cirrhosis.
B) Correct. Cirrhosis is the result of chronic, progressive liver damage and scarring, often stemming from various underlying liver diseases, such as chronic viral hepatitis, excessive alcohol consumption, or nonalcoholic fatty liver disease.
C) Incorrect. This describes autoimmune hepatitis, where the immune system attacks liver cells, but it is not the cause of cirrhosis.
D) Incorrect. Cirrhosis is primarily caused by chronic liver damage, not genetic factors.
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