A client has a herniated lumbar disk at L5. The nurse knows that which of the following symptoms needs to be immediately reported to the RN or physician?

A. Neck stiffness is a common symptom of a herniated cervical disc due to irritation of the surrounding tissues and nerve roots.

B. Pain in the neck is one of the hallmark symptoms of a cervical disc herniation, as the disc presses on the nerves in the cervical spine.

C. Low back pain is typically associated with lumbar disc herniation, not cervical disc herniation. A herniated cervical disc would more likely cause symptoms in the neck, shoulders, and arms.

D. Shoulder pain is a common symptom of a herniated cervical disc because the nerves that are compressed in the cervical spine also innervate the shoulders.

E. Tingling in the arms is a common symptom of a herniated cervical disc, as the disc can compress the nerves that supply sensation to the arms, leading to numbness and tingling.

A. Sleeping more during the day than nighttime is not a typical manifestation of primary dementia. While changes in sleep patterns can occur in individuals with dementia, the hallmark features are related to cognitive decline and memory loss, not excessive daytime sleep.

B. Forgetfulness gradually progressing to disorientation is a classic manifestation of primary dementia, particularly Alzheimer's disease. This condition is characterized by progressive memory loss, confusion, and eventually, disorientation.

C. Temporary, reversible loss of brain function is not characteristic of primary dementia. Dementia is typically a progressive and irreversible decline in cognitive function, with symptoms worsening over time.

D. Hypervigilant behaviors are not typically associated with primary dementia. Instead, individuals with dementia may experience confusion, apathy, or withdrawal, but hypervigilance is more commonly associated with conditions such as anxiety or paranoia.