What infection control precaution is a client diagnosed with bacterial meningitis instituted?

Neutropenic precautions

Contact isolation

Universal precautions

Droplet isolation

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is D

A. Neutropenic precautions are used for clients with compromised immune systems, such as those undergoing chemotherapy or bone marrow suppression. This is not appropriate for bacterial meningitis.

B. Contact isolation is used for infections that are transmitted through direct contact with the patient or their environment, such as MRSA or C. difficile. Bacterial meningitis, however, is spread through respiratory droplets.

C. Universal precautions refer to standard infection control practices (like hand hygiene and wearing gloves) that apply to all patients, but specific precautions are needed for certain infections like bacterial meningitis.

D. Droplet isolation is necessary for bacterial meningitis, as it is transmitted via respiratory droplets from coughing, sneezing, or talking. This isolation prevents the spread of the infection to others in close proximity.

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Correct Answer is A

Explanation

A. TIA stands for Transient Ischemic Attack, which is a temporary disruption of blood flow to the brain. Symptoms typically last for minutes to hours and resolve within 24 hours without causing permanent neurological damage.

B. CVA stands for Cerebrovascular Accident, which refers to a stroke. A CVA causes permanent neurological damage due to a lack of blood flow to the brain.

C. TPN stands for Total Parenteral Nutrition, which is a method of delivering nutrition intravenously to patients who cannot eat or absorb food normally. It is unrelated to cerebral circulation.

D. MI stands for Myocardial Infarction, which is a heart attack. It involves damage to the heart muscle due to a lack of blood flow but does not refer to cerebral circulation.

A. "All family members are now at risk for the disease." B. "Only your children need to be tested for a genetic connection." C. "If you are not diagnosed by age 20, you are considered safe." D. "You definitely need to have genetic testing for the disease."

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

A. Huntington disease is an autosomal dominant genetic disorder, meaning that if one parent has the gene, each child has a 50% chance of inheriting it. Therefore, all family members are at risk for the disease.

B. While genetic testing may be relevant for the patient’s children, it is not limited only to them. The patient and other family members are also at risk and may choose to be tested.

C. Huntington disease typically manifests between ages 30 and 50, and there is no age cutoff for determining risk. Early diagnosis may occur, but not being diagnosed by age 20 does not rule out the disease.

D. While genetic testing can confirm the presence of the gene, it is not the only way to determine risk. Family history and clinical symptoms are also key factors in understanding the risk for Huntington disease.

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What infection control precaution is a client diagnosed with bacterial meningitis instituted?

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Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

What is the acronym for a temporary impairment of cerebral circulation that causes symptoms lasting minutes to hours but results in no permanent neurological changes?

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

A patient is distressed to learn that a sibling is diagnosed with both neurologic and cognitive manifestations of Huntington disease. When the patient asks the nurse how to determine the incidence of the disease, which answer is most appropriate?

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

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