What infection control precaution is a client diagnosed with bacterial meningitis instituted?

Neutropenic precautions

Contact isolation

Universal precautions

Droplet isolation

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is D

A. Neutropenic precautions are used for clients with compromised immune systems, such as those undergoing chemotherapy or bone marrow suppression. This is not appropriate for bacterial meningitis.

B. Contact isolation is used for infections that are transmitted through direct contact with the patient or their environment, such as MRSA or C. difficile. Bacterial meningitis, however, is spread through respiratory droplets.

C. Universal precautions refer to standard infection control practices (like hand hygiene and wearing gloves) that apply to all patients, but specific precautions are needed for certain infections like bacterial meningitis.

D. Droplet isolation is necessary for bacterial meningitis, as it is transmitted via respiratory droplets from coughing, sneezing, or talking. This isolation prevents the spread of the infection to others in close proximity.

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Correct Answer is A

Explanation

A. A concussion is considered a mild traumatic brain injury (TBI) that typically results in a temporary loss of brain function. It is often caused by a blow to the head and may result in confusion, dizziness, and loss of consciousness. However, if concussions occur repeatedly, they can lead to long-term cognitive impairment and other serious conditions like chronic traumatic encephalopathy (CTE).

B. A brainstem contusion is a more severe injury that affects the brainstem, which controls vital functions like breathing and heart rate. It is not classified as a mild injury.

C. A subdural hematoma is a collection of blood between the brain and its outermost covering. It is a serious condition that can result from a traumatic brain injury and is not considered mild.

D. An epidural hematoma is a collection of blood between the skull and the dura mater. It is often caused by a traumatic head injury and is considered a medical emergency, not a mild injury.

A. Bowel or bladder incontinence B. Lower back pain C. Muscle spasms D. Pain radiating down one leg

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

A. Bowel or bladder incontinence is a medical emergency and should be immediately reported. This symptom can indicate cauda equina syndrome, a condition caused by compression of the spinal nerves at the lower end of the spinal cord. This requires urgent surgical intervention to prevent permanent nerve damage.

B. Lower back pain is a common symptom of a herniated lumbar disk, but it is not an immediate emergency unless accompanied by other severe symptoms.

C. Muscle spasms are also common with a herniated disk and, while uncomfortable, are not immediately life-threatening.

D. Pain radiating down one leg (sciatica) is a typical symptom of a herniated lumbar disk and is often managed conservatively, unless it is severe or accompanied by other neurological deficits.

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What infection control precaution is a client diagnosed with bacterial meningitis instituted?

Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

What is considered a mild brain injury, unless the injury occurs repeatedly?

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

A client has a herniated lumbar disk at L5. The nurse knows that which of the following symptoms needs to be immediately reported to the RN or physician?

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

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A traumatic brain injury on the brainstem can cause which of the following?

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