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A client has a nasogastric (NG) tube placed during abdominal surgery. During postoperative convalescence, the nurse identifies that the client is manifesting a hand tremor, muscle twitching, and confusion. Which arterial blood gases consistent with metabolic alkalosis should the nurse report to the healthcare provider?

Reference Range pH 17.35 to 7.45]

PaCO2 135 to 45 mm Hg]

HCO3 [21 to 28 mEq/L or 21 to 28 mmol/L]

PaO2 [80 to 100 mm Hg]

pH 7.30, PCO, 20 mm Hg, HCO, 22 mEq/L (22 mmol/L), PO, 85 mm Hg.

pH 7.46, PCO, 55 mm Hg, HCO, 36 mEq/L (36 mmol/L), PO, 95 mm Hg.

pH 7.49, PCO, 45 mm Hg, HCO, 32 mEq/L (32 mmol), PO, 90 mm Hg.

pH 7.29, PCO, 35 mm Hg, HCO, 25 mEq/L (25 mmol/L), PO, 99 mm Hg.

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is B

B. pH 7.46, PCO2 55 mm Hg, HCO3 36 mEq/L, PO2 95 mm Hg

The pH is high (alkalotic).

The HCO3 level is elevated, indicating metabolic alkalosis.

The PCO2 is high (respiratory acidotic picture due to secondary response). This option matches the criteria for metabolic alkalosis.

A. pH 7.30, PCO2 20 mm Hg, HCO3 22 mEq/L, PO2 85 mm Hg

The pH is low (acidic), not alkalotic.

The HCO3 level is within the normal range.

The PCO2 is low, which could indicate respiratory alkalosis. This option does not match the criteria for metabolic alkalosis.

C. pH 7.49, PCO2 45 mm Hg, HCO3 32 mEq/L, PO2 90 mm Hg The pH is high (alkalotic).

The HCO3 level is elevated, indicating metabolic alkalosis. The PCO2 is within the normal range.

This option does not meet the criteria for metabolic alkalosis D pH 7.29, PCO2 35 mm Hg, HCO3 25 mEq/L, PO2 99 mm Hg

The pH is low (acidic), not alkalotic. The HCO3 level is low, not elevated. The PCO2 is within the normal range.

This option does not match the criteria for metabolic alkalosis.

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Free Nursing Study Resources

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

C. In the case of oral candidiasis, using a toothbrush with soft bristles is essential to prevent further irritation and damage to the already compromised oral mucosa.

A. Offering the client mouthwash for thorough cleansing after brushing teeth might not be appropriate. Many commercial mouthwashes contain alcohol, which can further irritate the oral mucosa and exacerbate the symptoms of oral candidiasis.

B. Assisting with personal care but leaving oral care for the nurse to complete is not the best option. Oral care is an essential aspect of hygiene, especially for someone with oral candidiasis.

D. Oral candidiasis is a fungal infection that is not typically transmitted through contact,

A. Destruction of helper T-cells and CD4 cells. B. Increase in B-lymphocytes and IgM. C. Deficiency of cytotoxic T-cells. D. Proliferation of suppressor T-cells.

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

A. As HIV replicates within helper T-cells, it damages and destroys them, leading to a progressive decline in the number of CD4 cells in the body. This loss of helper T-cells weakens the immune system's ability to mount an effective response against infections

B. HIV infection does not typically lead to an increase in B-lymphocytes (B cells) or IgM antibodies.

C. While HIV infection can eventually lead to a deficiency in cytotoxic T-cells (CD8-positive T cells), particularly in advanced stages of the disease, the primary target of HIV is helper T-cells (CD4-positive T cells).

D. HIV infection does not result in the proliferation of suppressor T-cells (regulatory T cells).

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Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

An adult client is admitted with AIDS and oral Candide albicans manifested by several painful mouth ulcers. The nurse delegates oral care to the unlicensed assistive personnel (UAP) and discusses how to assist the client. Which instruction should the nurse provide to the UAP?

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

The nurse is preparing a teaching plan for a group of clients who were found to be HIV positive within the last year. Members of the group express an interest in learning about the pathology of AIDS. The nurse should explain that HIV acts in which way to suppress the immune system?

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

Patient Data Exhibits What order(s) would the nurse question? (Select all that apply.)

Patient Data Exhibits What should the nurse do before applying the face mask? Select that apply.

Patient Data Exhibits Mark whether the assessment findings indicate that the treatment was effective or ineffective. Assessment Findings

A client receives a prescription for ophthalmic ketorolac, Prior to administering the medication, the nurse should review the medical record for which condition?

The nurse notes that a client has been receiving hydromorphone every six hours for four days. Which assessment is most important for the nurse to complete?

A client who is experiencing respiratory distress is admitted with respiratory acidosis. Which pathophysiological process supports the client's respiratory acidosis?