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A client has received vasopressin for diabetes insipidus. Which assessment finding indicates the most therapeutic response to this therapy?

Urine output has increased; specific gravity has decreased.

Urine output has increased; specific gravity has increased.

Urine output has decreased; specific gravity has decreased.

Urine output has decreased; specific gravity has increased.

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is D

Choice A rationale: This is a sign of worsening diabetes insipidus.

Choice B rationale: This shows signs of overhydration, as urine output is high and specific gravity is high.

Choice C rationale: This is a sign of worsening diabetes insipidus.

Choice D rationale: Vasopressin is a hormone that helps the kidneys retain water and concentrate urine. Diabetes insipidus is a condition where the body does not produce enough vasopressin or does not respond to it, resulting in excessive urination and diluted urine. The goal of vasopressin therapy is to reduce urine output and increase urine concentration, which indicates that the kidneys are functioning properly and the body is hydrated.

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Correct Answer is C

Explanation

Choice A rationale: Low blood pressure sensed by baroreceptors in the kidneys would stimulate the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system, which regulates blood pressure and sodium balance.

Choice B rationale: Low osmolality sensed by osmoreceptors in the kidneys would

indicate that the body has excess water and needs to excrete it, which would inhibit ADH release.

Choice C rationale: ADH, or antidiuretic hormone, is a peptide hormone that regulates the water balance in the body. It is released from the posterior pituitary gland in response to signals from the hypothalamus. When the plasma osmolarity, or the concentration of solutes in the blood, is high, it means that the body is dehydrated and needs to conserve water. The osmoreceptors in the hypothalamus detect this change and stimulate the release of ADH, which acts on the kidneys to increase water

reabsorption and decrease urine output. This helps to lower the plasma osmolarity and restore the water balance.

Choice D rationale: High concentration of potassium sensed by chemoreceptors in the carotid body would affect the acid-base balance and respiratory rate, but not ADH

release.

A. The most common treatment is metronidazole (Flagyl), which should eradicate the problem within 7 to 10 days. B. The human papillomavirus (HPV), which causes condylomata acuminata, can't be transmitted during oral sex. C. The potential for transmission to her sexual partner will be eliminated if condoms are used every time they have sexual intercourse. D. This condition puts her at a higher risk for cervical cancer; therefore, she should have a Papanicolaou (Pap) smear annually.

Correct Answer is D

Explanation

Choice A rationale: Metronidazole is not typically used to treat genital warts caused by HPV.

Choice B rationale: HPV can be transmitted through various forms of sexual contact, including oral sex.

Choice C rationale: Condoms reduce but do not eliminate the risk of HPV transmission. Choice D rationale: Genital warts caused by HPV increase the risk of cervical cancer,

necessitating regular Pap smears for monitoring and early detection.

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A client has received vasopressin for diabetes insipidus. Which assessment finding indicates the most therapeutic response to this therapy?

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Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

ADH release from the posterior pituitary is stimulated by which process?

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

A female client has just been diagnosed with condylomata acuminata (genital warts). What information is appropriate to tell this client?

Correct Answer is D

Explanation

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