A client is depressed and has attempted suicide tells the nurse, "I should have died because I am totally worthless which of t responses should the nurse make?

A. Delirium is characterized by a sudden onset of confusion and changes in mental status, often occurring over a short period (hours to days). This contrasts with dementia, which has a gradual onset and progressive decline in cognitive function over months or years.
B. In delirium, the ability to perform activities of daily living (ADLs) is often affected because cognitive and attentional impairments can interfere with daily functioning. In contrast, early stages of dementia may still allow for relatively intact ADLs, and in depression, ADLs might be affected due to lack of motivation or energy rather than cognitive impairment.
C. Delirium typically involves visible, pronounced cognitive changes and fluctuating levels of awareness and attention. Clients with delirium usually exhibit overt confusion and disorientation. In contrast, in dementia, cognitive changes are progressive and become more apparent over time.
D. An apathetic demeanor or flat affect is more commonly associated with depression, where mood disturbances such as sadness, lack of motivation, and diminished emotional expression are prevalent. Dementia might also involve changes in affect, but apathy and flat affect are not distinguishing features of delirium.

A. Risperidone is an atypical antipsychotic used primarily to treat symptoms of schizophrenia. It helps manage symptoms such as hallucinations, delusions, and disorganized thinking. It works by altering the effects of neurotransmitters in the brain, particularly dopamine and serotonin.
B. Risperidone is not typically used as a first-line treatment for anxiety disorders. While it can have some impact on mood and agitation, anxiety is usually treated with medications such as selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) or benzodiazepines. Risperidone might be used in cases where anxiety is part of a broader psychotic disorder, but it is not the primary treatment for anxiety alone.
C. Risperidone is not commonly used to treat ADHD. ADHD is typically managed with stimulant medications like methylphenidate or amphetamines, or non-stimulant medications such as atomoxetine. Risperidone might be used off-label in some cases if ADHD symptoms are severe and co- occurring with other disorders, but it is not a standard treatment for ADHD.
D. Risperidone is not primarily used to treat depression. Depression is typically treated with antidepressants, such as SSRIs, SNRIs, or other classes of antidepressants. Risperidone might be used as an adjunct medication in cases where depression is accompanied by psychotic symptoms or severe mood disturbances, but it is not a primary treatment for depression alone.