What is the most common and severe type of meningitis in infants and children?
Bacterial meningitis.
Fungal meningitis.
Viral meningitis.
Parasitic meningitis.
Meningitis of unknown origin.
The Correct Answer is A
Choice A rationale:
Bacterial meningitis is the most common and severe type of meningitis in infants and children. The causative bacteria can include Streptococcus pneumoniae, Neisseria meningitidis, and Haemophilus influenzae type b, among others.
Choice B rationale:
Fungal meningitis is less common than bacterial meningitis and is usually associated with specific risk factors, such as immunosuppression or exposure to certain environmental fungi.
Choice C rationale:
Viral meningitis is more common than bacterial meningitis, but it is usually milder and often resolves without specific treatment. Enteroviruses are the most frequent cause of viral meningitis in infants and children.
Choice D rationale:
Parasitic meningitis is a rare form of the disease and is usually associated with specific parasites, such as the amoeba Naegleria fowleri or the parasite Trypanosoma.
Choice E rationale:
Meningitis of unknown origin refers to cases where the cause of meningitis remains unidentified after thorough investigations. It is not a specific type of meningitis but rather a descriptive term for cases with uncertain etiology.
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Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is D
Explanation
Choice A rationale:
Administering antipyretics helps to reduce fever, but it does not specifically prevent the spread of meningitis. It addresses a symptom but does not target the transmission of the disease.
Choice B rationale:
Elevating the head of the bed is beneficial for clients with increased intracranial pressure, not for preventing the spread of meningitis.
Choice C rationale:
Providing comfort measures can improve the client's well-being, but it does not directly address the prevention of meningitis transmission.
Choice D rationale:
Practicing good hygiene habits, such as regular handwashing, can help prevent the spread of meningitis. Since meningitis can be transmitted through respiratory secretions, practicing good hygiene is essential in reducing the risk of infection transmission.
Correct Answer is B
Explanation
Choice A rationale:
This statement is incorrect. A lumbar puncture involves the insertion of a needle, not a catheter, into the subarachnoid space of the spinal canal to collect cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) It is not done in blood vessels.
Choice B rationale:
This statement is accurate. A lumbar puncture is performed to obtain a sample of cerebrospinal fluid for analysis. It helps to diagnose and differentiate between bacterial and viral meningitis based on CSF characteristics, such as cell count, glucose levels, and presence of bacteria or viruses.
Choice C rationale:
This statement is incorrect. A lumbar puncture is uncomfortable but is typically not an extremely painful procedure. It is often done with local anesthesia, and the discomfort is usually temporary.
Choice D rationale:
This statement is incorrect. During a lumbar puncture, the patient is usually asked to curl up in a fetal position, bringing the knees close to the chest and the chin to the chest. This position helps to widen the spaces between the spinal bones, making it easier for the healthcare provider to insert the needle into the subarachnoid space. It does not involve bending the neck forward.
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