A client is scheduled for a venous Doppler ultrasound to assess for deep vein thrombosis (DVT). What instructions should the nurse provide to the client before the procedure?
"You should avoid eating or drinking anything for 12 hours before the test."
"Do not take any prescribed medications on the morning of the procedure."
"Wear loose-fitting clothing that can be easily removed."
"Expect to receive contrast dye intravenously during the test."
The Correct Answer is C
A) This choice is incorrect because fasting is not necessary before a venous Doppler ultrasound. The client can eat and drink normally before the test.
B) This choice is incorrect because the client should continue to take prescribed medications as usual unless otherwise instructed by the healthcare provider. Medications that thin the blood, such as anticoagulants, may not be stopped before the test.
C) This choice is correct. The client should wear loose-fitting clothing that can be easily removed to allow access to the affected area during the ultrasound. This facilitates the ultrasound technician's ability to perform the test accurately.
D) This choice is incorrect because contrast dye is not typically used in a venous Doppler ultrasound. Contrast venography may involve the use of contrast dye, but not Doppler ultrasound.
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Correct Answer is B
Explanation
A) This choice is incorrect because anticoagulants do not dissolve existing blood clots in the veins. They prevent further clot formation and allow the body's natural mechanisms to dissolve the clot over time.
B) This choice is correct. Anticoagulants work by inhibiting the clotting factors in the blood, which prevents the formation of new blood clots and reduces the risk of the existing clot enlarging or causing additional complications.
C) This choice is incorrect because while anticoagulants may indirectly reduce pain and inflammation by preventing further clot formation, their primary action is to prevent clotting, not directly reduce pain and inflammation associated with DVT.
D) This choice is incorrect because while anticoagulants can improve blood flow by preventing clot formation, they do not directly "improve" blood flow to the affected limb.
Correct Answer is D
Explanation
A) This choice is incorrect because advanced age is a non-modifiable risk factor for DVT. While age is associated with increased risk, it is not directly related to the client's use of hormonal therapy.
B) This choice is incorrect because male gender is not a risk factor for DVT. Women, particularly those on estrogen-based therapies like hormone replacement therapy or oral contraceptives, are at higher risk.
C) This choice is incorrect because smoking history is a modifiable risk factor for DVT, not directly related to hormonal therapy. Smoking increases the risk of clot formation and is not specific to the client's use of hormonal therapy.
D) This choice is correct. Estrogen-based hormone replacement therapy and oral contraceptives can increase the risk of DVT due to their effect on blood coagulation. Estrogen can increase the production of certain clotting factors, raising the risk of blood clot formation in the veins. It is essential for healthcare providers to weigh the benefits and risks when prescribing hormonal therapy to clients.
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