A client is seeking information about treatment options for a sleep disorder characterized by excessive daytime sleepiness despite adequate nighttime sleep. Which of the following interventions is commonly recommended for this condition?
Medication (short-term use).
Relaxation techniques.
Cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT).
Avoiding alcohol and caffeine.
The Correct Answer is C
Choice A rationale:
Medication (short-term use) is not the commonly recommended intervention for a sleep disorder characterized by excessive daytime sleepiness despite adequate nighttime sleep. While medication might be considered in certain cases, it is usually not the first-line treatment option for this condition. Medications can have side effects and may not address the underlying causes of the sleep disorder.
Choice B rationale:
Relaxation techniques can be helpful for improving sleep quality and managing stress, but they are not typically the primary intervention for excessive daytime sleepiness despite adequate nighttime sleep. Relaxation techniques focus more on promoting relaxation and reducing stress, which might indirectly improve sleep patterns but may not directly address the specific disorder described.
Choice C rationale:
Cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) is commonly recommended for a sleep disorder characterized by excessive daytime sleepiness despite adequate nighttime sleep. CBT for insomnia (CBT-I) is an evidence-based approach that addresses the psychological and behavioral factors contributing to sleep disturbances. It focuses on improving sleep hygiene, modifying negative thought patterns about sleep, and establishing a consistent sleep schedule. CBT has shown effectiveness in treating sleep disorders without the potential side effects of medications.
Choice D rationale:
Avoiding alcohol and caffeine is generally a good practice for promoting healthy sleep, but it alone is not the commonly recommended intervention for a sleep disorder characterized by excessive daytime sleepiness despite adequate nighttime sleep. While avoiding alcohol and caffeine can help prevent sleep disturbances, it might not fully resolve the underlying disorder causing excessive sleepiness.
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Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is D
Explanation
Choice A rationale:
Insomnia is characterized by difficulty falling asleep, staying asleep, or experiencing non-restorative sleep, often resulting in daytime impairments. The symptoms mentioned in the question, such as snoring loudly and waking up gasping for air, are more indicative of sleep apnea rather than insomnia. Insomnia does not typically involve loud snoring or gasping for air.
Choice B rationale:
Narcolepsy is a neurological disorder that involves excessive daytime sleepiness, sudden and uncontrollable episodes of falling asleep (called cataplexy), and disruptions in the sleep-wake cycle. While the client in the question reports waking up gasping for air and loud snoring, these symptoms are not characteristic of narcolepsy. Narcolepsy symptoms are more related to sudden sleep attacks and disruptions in REM sleep.
Choice C rationale:
Restless legs syndrome (RLS) is characterized by an uncomfortable sensation in the legs that leads to an irresistible urge to move them, often occurring at rest and during the evening or nighttime. It can disrupt sleep due to the need to move the legs, but it does not typically cause loud snoring or waking up gasping for air. RLS is more associated with uncomfortable sensations in the legs rather than breathing-related symptoms.
Choice D rationale:
Sleep apnea involves repeated interruptions in breathing during sleep, leading to disrupted sleep and symptoms such as loud snoring, gasping for air, and excessive daytime sleepiness. The client's symptoms of snoring loudly and waking up gasping for air are characteristic of obstructive sleep apnea, where the airway becomes blocked or collapses during sleep, leading to temporary pauses in breathing.
Correct Answer is B
Explanation
Choice A rationale:
Excessive daytime sleepiness is a symptom that can occur in various sleep disorders, such as sleep apnea, narcolepsy, and even insufficient sleep due to poor sleep hygiene. However, the client's difficulty adjusting to different time zones due to frequent travel is more indicative of a disruption in circadian rhythms caused by shift work and jet lag, rather than a specific disorder characterized by excessive daytime sleepiness.
Choice B rationale:
Shift work sleep disorder is the correct choice. Frequent travel across different time zones disrupts the body's natural circadian rhythm, leading to difficulties in adjusting to new sleep-wake schedules. This disruption can result in insomnia, fatigue, and daytime sleepiness. The client's experience aligns with the characteristics of shift work sleep disorder, which is common among individuals who work irregular hours or travel frequently.
Choice C rationale:
Restless legs syndrome (RLS) involves uncomfortable sensations in the legs that lead to an urge to move them. This disorder is unlikely to be the cause of the client's difficulty adjusting to time zone changes and frequent travel. RLS symptoms are more related to sensations in the legs rather than disturbances in sleep-wake schedules.
Choice D rationale:
Mood disorders, such as depression and anxiety, can certainly impact sleep and wakefulness. However, the client's symptoms of struggling with time zone adjustments and frequent travel are more closely associated with disruptions in circadian rhythms due to changes in sleep schedules rather than being solely indicative of a mood disorder.
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