A client who has suffered a stroke is unable to maintain respiration and is intubated and placed on mechanical ventilator support.

What portion of the brain is most likely responsible for the inability to breathe?

Brain stem.

Parietal lobe.

Occipital lobe.

Frontal lobe.

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is A

Choice A rationale

The brain stem controls vital functions, including respiration. Damage to the brain stem, especially the medulla oblongata, can impair respiratory control, leading to the need for mechanical ventilation.

Choice B rationale

The parietal lobe is responsible for sensory processing and does not directly influence respiratory functions. Damage here would more likely affect sensation and spatial awareness.

Choice C rationale

The occipital lobe is primarily responsible for visual processing. Injury to this area would result in visual deficits rather than impaired respiration.

Choice D rationale

The frontal lobe is involved in cognitive functions, voluntary movement, and speech production, but it does not control respiration. Damage here would affect higher cognitive functions and motor planning.

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Correct Answer is D

Explanation

Choice A rationale

Roth's spots are retinal hemorrhages with pale centers, indicative of certain systemic conditions, but do not relate to pupil response or parasympathetic effects.

Choice B rationale

One pupil being dilated while the other is normal could indicate a variety of issues, but not specifically a parasympathetic effect. This condition is known as anisocoria.

Choice C rationale

Dilated pupils, or mydriasis, are usually the result of sympathetic stimulation, not a parasympathetic effect, which involves constriction of the pupils.

Choice D rationale

Constricted pupils, or miosis, are a parasympathetic effect typically resulting from increased activity of the parasympathetic nervous system, which reduces pupil size.

A. Aspiration of synovial fluid for serologic testing. B. Injection of corticosteroids into the client's knee joint to facilitate ROM. C. Injection of a contrast agent into the knee joint prior to ROM exercises. D. Replacement of the client's synovial fluid with a synthetic substitute. E. Replacement of the client's synovial fluid with a synthetic substitute.

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

Choice A rationale

Aspiration of synovial fluid for serologic testing is a procedure known as arthrocentesis, which involves extracting joint fluid for analysis. While useful for diagnosing conditions like infections or arthritis, it is not the same as arthrography, which involves imaging.

Choice B rationale

Injection of corticosteroids into the client's knee joint to facilitate ROM is a therapeutic procedure to reduce inflammation and improve movement in conditions like arthritis, but it is not part of an arthrography procedure.

Choice C rationale

Injection of a contrast agent into the knee joint prior to ROM exercises is a key part of arthrography. The contrast agent helps to enhance the imaging of the joint structures during movement, allowing for a detailed assessment of the joint.

Choice D rationale

Replacement of the client's synovial fluid with a synthetic substitute is not related to arthrography. This description aligns more with viscosupplementation, a treatment for osteoarthritis.

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A client who has suffered a stroke is unable to maintain respiration and is intubated and placed on mechanical ventilator support. What portion of the brain is most likely responsible for the inability to breathe?

Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

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Correct Answer is D

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A client who has suffered a stroke is unable to maintain respiration and is intubated and placed on mechanical ventilator support.

What portion of the brain is most likely responsible for the inability to breathe?