A client with a history of hypertension, hyperlipidemia, and obesity is at risk for developing peripheral vascular disease (PAD) due to:

Increased blood viscosity.

Hypercoagulability of the blood.

Impaired cardiac function.

Formation of atherosclerotic plaques.

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is D

A) This choice is incorrect because increased blood viscosity (thickness) is not primarily associated with hypertension, hyperlipidemia, or obesity. It is more commonly associated with conditions such as polycythemia or dehydration.

B) This choice is incorrect because hypercoagulability of the blood is not a direct risk factor associated with hypertension, hyperlipidemia, or obesity. Hypercoagulability is more commonly associated with conditions such as certain clotting disorders.

C) This choice is incorrect because impaired cardiac function is not a direct risk factor for the development of PAD in the context of hypertension, hyperlipidemia, or obesity. However, impaired cardiac function can contribute to heart-related peripheral vascular diseases, such as congestive heart failure.

D) This choice is correct. Hypertension, hyperlipidemia, and obesity are significant risk factors for the formation of atherosclerotic plaques in the arteries. Atherosclerosis involves the buildup of plaque, including cholesterol and other substances, on the arterial walls, leading to narrowed and hardened arteries, reducing blood flow to the extremities and contributing to PAD.

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Correct Answer is A

Explanation

A) This choice is correct. Smoking is the most significant risk factor for peripheral artery disease (PAD). Smoking damages blood vessels, promotes atherosclerosis (plaque buildup in arteries), and narrows blood vessels, leading to reduced blood flow to the extremities.

B) This choice is incorrect because while a sedentary lifestyle can be a contributing factor to peripheral vascular diseases, it is not the most common cause of PAD.

C) This choice is incorrect because while family history can play a role in the development of PAD, it is not the most common cause. Other modifiable risk factors, such as smoking and diabetes, have a more significant impact on PAD.

D) This choice is incorrect because high dietary sodium intake is not a direct cause of PAD. However, reducing sodium intake can benefit overall cardiovascular health, especially for individuals with hypertension.

A. Blood pressure in the arms and legs. B. Oxygen saturation in the extremities. C. Blood glucose levels before and after meals. D. Blood flow through the heart's chambers.

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

A) This choice is correct. The ankle-brachial index (ABI) is a non-invasive test that compares the blood pressure in the arms and legs. The test involves using a blood pressure cuff and Doppler ultrasound to measure blood pressure in the ankles and arms. The ratio of ankle to brachial pressure helps assess the severity of peripheral vascular disease and determine if there is reduced blood flow to the legs.

B) This choice is incorrect because oxygen saturation in the extremities is not directly measured with an ankle-brachial index (ABI) test. Oxygen saturation is commonly measured using pulse oximetry, which assesses the percentage of hemoglobin in the blood that is saturated with oxygen.

C) This choice is incorrect because an ankle-brachial index (ABI) test is not used to measure blood glucose levels before and after meals. Blood glucose levels are typically assessed using a blood test or fingerstick glucose monitoring in clients with diabetes.

D) This choice is incorrect because an ankle-brachial index (ABI) test does not evaluate blood flow through the heart's chambers. It focuses on assessing blood pressure and blood flow in the arms and legs to diagnose peripheral vascular disease.

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A client with a history of hypertension, hyperlipidemia, and obesity is at risk for developing peripheral vascular disease (PAD) due to:

Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

A nurse is teaching a client about the contributing factors to peripheral vascular diseases. The nurse explains that the most common cause of peripheral artery disease (PAD) is:

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

A client with suspected peripheral vascular disease is scheduled for an ankle-brachial index (ABI) test. The nurse explains that this test measures:

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

A client with peripheral vascular disease (PAD) is at risk of developing complications related to impaired skin integrity. What should the nurse include in the plan of care to prevent skin breakdown?

A nurse is caring for a client with chronic venous insufficiency (CVI). Which intervention should the nurse include in the client's plan of care?

A client has a history of smoking, diabetes, and hypertension. The nurse should recognize that these risk factors contribute to the development of which peripheral vascular disease?

A nurse is providing education to a client with peripheral vascular disease (PAD). The nurse should instruct the client to perform which exercise to improve blood flow in the legs?

A client with peripheral vascular disease (PAD) is experiencing intermittent claudication and reports difficulty walking. What should the nurse encourage the client to do to improve exercise tolerance?

A nurse is caring for a client with peripheral vascular disease (PAD) who has a history of smoking. The nurse should prioritize which intervention to promote vascular health?

A nurse is providing discharge education to a client following peripheral artery bypass surgery. Which sign should the nurse instruct the client to report immediately?

A client with peripheral vascular disease (PAD) is prescribed cilostazol. The nurse should instruct the client to report which adverse effect immediately?