A client with a history of hypertension, hyperlipidemia, and obesity is at risk for developing peripheral vascular disease (PAD) due to:

Increased blood viscosity.

Hypercoagulability of the blood.

Impaired cardiac function.

Formation of atherosclerotic plaques.

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is D

A) This choice is incorrect because increased blood viscosity (thickness) is not primarily associated with hypertension, hyperlipidemia, or obesity. It is more commonly associated with conditions such as polycythemia or dehydration.

B) This choice is incorrect because hypercoagulability of the blood is not a direct risk factor associated with hypertension, hyperlipidemia, or obesity. Hypercoagulability is more commonly associated with conditions such as certain clotting disorders.

C) This choice is incorrect because impaired cardiac function is not a direct risk factor for the development of PAD in the context of hypertension, hyperlipidemia, or obesity. However, impaired cardiac function can contribute to heart-related peripheral vascular diseases, such as congestive heart failure.

D) This choice is correct. Hypertension, hyperlipidemia, and obesity are significant risk factors for the formation of atherosclerotic plaques in the arteries. Atherosclerosis involves the buildup of plaque, including cholesterol and other substances, on the arterial walls, leading to narrowed and hardened arteries, reducing blood flow to the extremities and contributing to PAD.

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Correct Answer is A

Explanation

A) This choice is correct. Smoking is the most significant risk factor for peripheral artery disease (PAD). Smoking damages blood vessels, promotes atherosclerosis (plaque buildup in arteries), and narrows blood vessels, leading to reduced blood flow to the extremities.

B) This choice is incorrect because while a sedentary lifestyle can be a contributing factor to peripheral vascular diseases, it is not the most common cause of PAD.

C) This choice is incorrect because while family history can play a role in the development of PAD, it is not the most common cause. Other modifiable risk factors, such as smoking and diabetes, have a more significant impact on PAD.

D) This choice is incorrect because high dietary sodium intake is not a direct cause of PAD. However, reducing sodium intake can benefit overall cardiovascular health, especially for individuals with hypertension.

A. Elevating the legs above heart level for 15 minutes daily. B. Applying compression bandages to the legs. C. Soaking the legs in hot water to reduce swelling. D. Encouraging long periods of standing to promote circulation.

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

A) This choice is incorrect because elevating the legs above heart level for only 15 minutes daily may not provide sufficient benefit for managing edema and skin changes in clients with chronic venous insufficiency (CVI). Continuous and prolonged elevation, along with compression therapy, is more effective in reducing swelling.

B) This choice is correct. Applying compression bandages or stockings is a standard intervention for managing edema and skin changes in clients with chronic venous insufficiency (CVI). Compression helps improve venous return and reduce swelling in the lower legs.

C) This choice is incorrect because soaking the legs in hot water is not recommended for clients with chronic venous insufficiency (CVI). Hot water may cause skin irritation and worsen skin changes associated with CVI.

D) This choice is incorrect because encouraging long periods of standing can worsen symptoms in clients with CVI. Prolonged standing increases venous pressure in the legs and can lead to further swelling and discomfort.

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A client with a history of hypertension, hyperlipidemia, and obesity is at risk for developing peripheral vascular disease (PAD) due to:

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Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

A nurse is teaching a client about the contributing factors to peripheral vascular diseases. The nurse explains that the most common cause of peripheral artery disease (PAD) is:

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

A client with chronic venous insufficiency (CVI) presents with edema and skin changes in the lower legs. What should the nurse include in the plan of care to manage these symptoms?

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

A client with peripheral vascular disease (PAD) is prescribed cilostazol, a medication that improves blood flow in the legs. The nurse should instruct the client to:

A client with peripheral vascular disease is scheduled for an arteriography. The nurse should provide pre-procedure education, including informing the client that:

A nurse is teaching a client with peripheral vascular disease about skin care. The nurse should instruct the client to:

A nurse is providing education to a client with chronic venous insufficiency (CVI) about self-care strategies. What should the nurse recommend to the client to promote venous return?

A client with peripheral vascular disease (PAD) reports experiencing pain in their legs that occurs with walking and is relieved by rest. The nurse recognizes this symptom as:

A client with diabetes asks a nurse about the increased risk of peripheral vascular disease (PAD) in diabetes. The nurse explains that diabetes contributes to PAD primarily through:

A nurse is reviewing the medical history of a client with suspected peripheral vascular disease. Which condition is a significant risk factor for the development of atherosclerosis and peripheral vascular disease?

A client with peripheral vascular disease (PAD) reports experiencing numbness and tingling in their feet. The nurse should suspect: