A client's arterial blood gas (ABG) reads: pH 7.18, PaCO2 54 mm Hg, HCO3 26 mEq/L. What condition does the nurse recognize may contribute to the development of this result? Normal values: pH: 7.35-7.45, PaCO2: 35-45 mm Hg, HCO3: 22-26 mEq/L

Prolonged vomiting

COPD

Chronic renal failure

Anxiety and hyperventilation

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is B

Choice A reason: Prolonged vomiting typically leads to metabolic alkalosis due to the loss of gastric acid, which is not consistent with the ABG results showing acidosis.

Choice B reason: COPD can lead to respiratory acidosis, as indicated by the elevated PaCO2 and low pH in the ABG results, making it a likely contributor to these findings.

Choice C reason: Chronic renal failure can lead to metabolic acidosis, but the HCO3 level is within the normal range, which does not support this as the primary condition.

Choice D reason: Anxiety and hyperventilation usually result in respiratory alkalosis due to the excessive exhalation of CO2, which is the opposite of what the ABG results show.

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Correct Answer is D

Explanation

Choice A reason: The statement about the medication taking a few weeks to work fully is accurate and does not require follow-up.

Choice B reason: The statement that levothyroxine replaces the hormone the body used to produce is correct and reflects an understanding of the therapy.

Choice C reason: Acknowledging the possibility of lifelong medication is appropriate for levothyroxine therapy in the case of hypothyroidism.

Choice D reason: Levothyroxine should be taken on an empty stomach, typically 30 minutes to an hour before breakfast, to ensure proper absorption. This statement indicates a misunderstanding that requires nurse follow-up.

A. Vasodilation and fluid shift out of the vascular space B. Platelet aggregation and thrombus formation C. Decreased blood glucose and oliguria D. Hypoxemia and anaerobic metabolism

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

Choice A reason: In sepsis, inflammatory mediators cause vasodilation and increased capillary permeability, leading to fluid leaking out of the vascular space, resulting in hypotension.

Choice B reason: Platelet aggregation and thrombus formation can occur in sepsis but are more related to disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC) rather than directly causing hypotension.

Choice C reason: Decreased blood glucose and oliguria can be consequences of sepsis but are not the primary pathophysiological processes responsible for hypotension.

Choice D reason: Hypoxemia and anaerobic metabolism may result from the effects of sepsis on the body, including hypotension, but they are not the direct cause of hypotension.

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A client's arterial blood gas (ABG) reads: pH 7.18, PaCO2 54 mm Hg, HCO3 26 mEq/L. What condition does the nurse recognize may contribute to the development of this result? Normal values: pH: 7.35-7.45, PaCO2: 35-45 mm Hg, HCO3: 22-26 mEq/L

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Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

The client has been instructed about levothyroxine (Synthroid) therapy. Which statement by the client requires follow-up by the nurse?

Correct Answer is D

Explanation

The nurse recognizes that a patient with sepsis is at risk to develop hypotension. Which pathophysiological process is responsible for this symptom?

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

The nurse is reviewing orders received for a client diagnosed with sepsis. Which order should the nurse question?

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A client's arterial blood gas (ABG) reads: pH 7.18, PaCO2 54 mm Hg, HCO3 26 mEq/L. What condition does the nurse recognize may contribute to the development of this result? Normal values: pH: 7.35-7.45, PaCO2: 35-45 mm Hg, HCO3: 22-26 mEq/L

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