A spouse expresses frustration when trying to communicate with a client with Parkinson's disease (PD). What can the nurse do to facilitate communication between the client and spouse?

Recommend that the client and spouse learn sign language.

Have the client exaggerate the pronunciation of words.

Suggest the spouse speak in a louder tone of voice.

Suggest communication by writing.

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is D

Choice A reason: Learning sign language can be beneficial but may not be practical or immediately helpful for the client and spouse dealing with communication issues due to PD.

Choice B reason: Exaggerating the pronunciation of words may help some clients with PD, but it can also be tiring and not effective for all, especially if the client has significant speech difficulties.

Choice C reason: Speaking in a louder tone of voice does not necessarily improve communication with a person who has PD, as the issue often lies with the client's ability to speak, not with hearing.

Choice D reason: Writing can be an effective way for clients with PD to communicate, especially if they have difficulty speaking or being understood. It allows for clear communication without the need for verbal articulation.

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Correct Answer is B

Explanation

Choice A reason: A soft diet with thin liquids may be recommended for patients with Parkinson's disease who have difficulty swallowing (dysphagia), but it is not the most appropriate intervention for all patients. Dysphagia is common in Parkinson's disease due to impaired muscle movement, and a soft diet can help prevent choking and aspiration.

Choice B reason: Assessing for orthostatic hypotension is crucial in the care of patients with Parkinson's disease. Orthostatic hypotension is a common non-motor symptom where there is a significant drop in blood pressure upon standing. Normal blood pressure should not drop more than 20 mm Hg systolic or 10 mm Hg diastolic within 2 to 5 minutes of standing². This condition can increase the risk of falls, which is a significant concern in this population.

Choice C reason: Exophthalmos, the bulging of the eyes, is not associated with Parkinson's disease. It is typically related to thyroid eye disease, such as Graves' disease, and would not be a relevant assessment for a Parkinson's patient unless there is a known co-existing thyroid condition.

Choice D reason: Limiting fluids to prevent urinary incontinence is not an appropriate intervention for Parkinson's disease. Adequate hydration is essential, and urinary incontinence should be managed with other strategies, such as bladder training, scheduled toileting, and possibly medication, depending on the cause.

A. Serum lactate level 3.9 mmol/L (normal range: 0.5-2 mmol/L) B. Vital signs: Temperature 100°F, Heart rate 88 bpm, Respiratory rate 22 breaths/min, Blood pressure 124/72 mmHg C. Pulse oximetry 96% on oxygen at 2 L/min via nasal cannula D. Breath sounds with rhonchi bilaterally

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

Choice A reason: The serum lactate level of 3.9 mmol/L is significantly higher than the normal range of 0.5-2 mmol/L. This is a critical value to report as it indicates a high likelihood of sepsis, which is a life-threatening condition requiring immediate intervention. Elevated lactate levels suggest that the tissues are not adequately oxygenated, a state known as tissue hypoxia, which is a hallmark of sepsis.

Choice B reason: While the vital signs show a slight fever (100°F), the heart rate, respiratory rate, and blood pressure are within normal limits for an adult and do not indicate an immediate life-threatening condition.

Choice C reason: A pulse oximetry reading of 96% on supplemental oxygen is within the acceptable range, indicating adequate oxygen saturation and not a direct sign of sepsis.

Choice D reason: The presence of rhonchi bilaterally suggests airway obstruction due to mucus, which can be associated with pneumonia. However, this finding alone does not carry the same immediate risk of morbidity and mortality as an elevated lactate level indicative of sepsis.

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A spouse expresses frustration when trying to communicate with a client with Parkinson's disease (PD). What can the nurse do to facilitate communication between the client and spouse?

Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

Which intervention is appropriate to include in the plan of care for a patient with Parkinson's disease?

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

The nurse is assessing a client admitted for treatment of pneumonia and possible sepsis. Which information is most important for the nurse to report?

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

Assessment of a client with cirrhosis reveals a distended abdomen, weight gain, and dyspnea. Based on this information, what interventions would the nurse include in this client's plan of care?

The nurse is planning discharge teaching for a client with Parkinson's disease. What information regarding levodopa/carbidopa therapy should the nurse include in this session?

The nurse is interviewing a client with possible Graves' disease. Which response would the nurse expect when asking the client about her comfort in cold weather?

A client with thyroid disease is being treated with propylthiouracil (PTU). Which statement made by the client indicates the medication therapy is effective?

A client's arterial blood gas (ABG) reads: pH 7.18, PaCO2 54 mm Hg, HCO3 26 mEq/L. What condition does the nurse recognize may contribute to the development of this result? Normal values: pH: 7.35-7.45, PaCO2: 35-45 mm Hg, HCO3: 22-26 mEq/L

Which client does the nurse identify as having the greatest risk for the development of sepsis?

The nurse is admitting a client with a thyroid disorder who presents with periorbital edema, cold intolerance, and weight gain. Which intervention should the nurse include in this client's plan of care?