A community health nurse is calculating the top three causes of death in a county. Which of the following mortality measures should the nurse use to obtain this data?
Proportionate mortality
Crude mortality rate
Cause-specific mortality rate
Case fatality
The Correct Answer is C
Choice A: Proportionate Mortality
Proportionate mortality refers to the proportion of deaths in a specified population over a period of time attributable to different causes. It is expressed as a percentage of the total number of deaths. While this measure can provide insight into the relative importance of different causes of death, it does not give the actual mortality rate for each cause. Therefore, it is not the best measure for identifying the top three causes of death in a county.
Choice B: Crude Mortality Rate
The crude mortality rate is the total number of deaths from all causes per 1,000 or 100,000 population in a given year. This measure provides an overall picture of the mortality level in a population but does not specify the causes of death. It is useful for general mortality trends but not for identifying specific causes of death.
Choice C: Cause-Specific Mortality Rate
The cause-specific mortality rate is the number of deaths from a specific cause per 100,000 population in a given year. This measure is the most appropriate for identifying the top three causes of death because it provides detailed information on the mortality rate for each specific cause. By calculating the cause-specific mortality rates, the nurse can determine which causes are the most significant contributors to mortality in the county.
Choice D: Case Fatality
Case fatality refers to the proportion of individuals diagnosed with a particular disease who die from that disease within a specified period. It is usually expressed as a percentage. While case fatality provides information on the severity of a disease, it does not give the overall mortality rate for the population or help identify the top causes of death.
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Correct Answer is D
Explanation
Choice A Reason:
Posting the analyzed findings on the health department section of the city's website is important for transparency and public awareness. It allows the community to access the information and understand the health issues identified. However, this action alone does not directly address the health issues identified in the assessment. It is more of a communication strategy rather than an intervention.
Choice B Reason:
Educating members of a vulnerable population about available public health services is a crucial step in ensuring that these populations can access the services they need. This action helps in bridging the gap between the health department and the community. However, it is a part of the implementation phase rather than the planning phase. The primary goal of the assessment is to identify issues and plan interventions.
Choice C Reason:
Conducting focus groups with local residents to discuss their usage of public health services is a valuable method for gathering qualitative data and understanding community needs and behaviors. This can provide deeper insights into the issues identified in the assessment. However, like choice B, this is more of a data collection method rather than a direct action plan to address the identified health issues.
Choice D Reason:
Preparing a plan to address a health issue in a specific area of the city is the most direct and actionable step that aligns with the core function of assessment. The purpose of conducting a community health assessment is to identify health issues and develop strategies to address them. This choice involves creating a targeted intervention plan based on the findings, which is the ultimate goal of the assessment process.
Correct Answer is C
Explanation
Choice A: Order a New Medication
Ordering a new medication is not typically the first step in the protocol for an employee injury. The nurse needs to assess the injury and determine the appropriate course of action based on the severity and nature of the injury. Medication may be part of the treatment plan, but it is not the initial step in the injury protocol.
Choice B: Initiate Safety and Audit Checks
Initiating safety and audit checks is an important part of workplace safety management, but it is not the immediate response to an employee injury. These checks are usually conducted to prevent future incidents and ensure compliance with safety regulations. The immediate priority is to address the employee's injury and provide necessary medical care.
Choice C: Perform a Drug Test
This is the correct choice. Performing a drug test is often part of the protocol following a workplace injury, especially in industries where safety is a critical concern. The drug test helps determine if substance use may have contributed to the accident. It is a standard procedure to ensure workplace safety and compliance with regulations.
Choice D: Vet the Injured Worker
Vetting the injured worker is not a standard part of the protocol for handling an employee injury. The focus should be on providing immediate medical care and assessing the injury. Vetting typically refers to a thorough examination or background check, which is not relevant in the context of responding to an injury.
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