A community health nurse is instructing a group of newly licensed nurses about diseases that require airborne precautions. Which of the following diseases should the nurse include?
Rubella
Pertussis
Influenza
Varicella
The Correct Answer is D
A. Rubella: This disease is primarily spread through respiratory droplets, requiring standard precautions for management. It is important for nurses to understand that while rubella can be contagious, airborne precautions are not necessary for this condition.
B. Pertussis: Also known as whooping cough, pertussis is transmitted through respiratory droplets, which necessitates droplet precautions rather than airborne precautions. Understanding the mode of transmission helps healthcare workers implement the appropriate level of precautions to prevent the spread of infection.
C. Influenza: Influenza is primarily transmitted through respiratory droplets. Although droplet precautions are necessary when caring for patients with influenza, airborne precautions are not required. Knowledge of these distinctions is essential for nurses to ensure effective infection control measures.
D. Varicella: Varicella, or chickenpox, is classified as an airborne disease because it spreads through respiratory droplets and direct contact with the rash. Airborne precautions are necessary to prevent transmission, especially in healthcare settings where vulnerable populations may be present. Understanding the specific precautions for airborne diseases is crucial for maintaining patient and staff safety.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is D
Explanation
A. Report of back pain associated with twisting at the waist. Back pain is a common musculoskeletal issue among agricultural workers due to repetitive movements and heavy lifting. While it requires intervention, it is not immediately life-threatening and does not take priority over acute symptoms that may indicate poisoning or a severe reaction.
B. Absence of a dental health provider. Lack of dental care can contribute to long-term health complications, but it does not pose an immediate risk requiring urgent intervention. Addressing acute medical conditions takes precedence over routine preventive care.
C. Lives in a home with 25 other agricultural workers. Overcrowded living conditions can increase the risk of communicable diseases and poor hygiene-related health issues. However, it is a social determinant of health rather than an urgent clinical concern that requires immediate action.
D. Report of muscle twitching and skin rash. Muscle twitching and skin rash can indicate pesticide poisoning, a common occupational hazard for agricultural workers. Pesticide exposure can lead to serious neurological and systemic effects, making this the priority for immediate assessment and intervention.
Correct Answer is D
Explanation
A. High-risk individuals should receive immunoglobulin E (IgE): High-risk individuals do not receive immunoglobulin E for botulism. The treatment for botulism involves the use of antitoxin to neutralize the toxin, along with supportive care to manage symptoms.
B. Implement airborne precautions for clients who have botulism: Airborne precautions are not required for botulism because it is not transmitted through the air. Botulism is primarily contracted through ingestion of contaminated food or wound contamination, so standard precautions are generally sufficient.
C. Administer an aminoglycoside medication: Aminoglycosides are not indicated for treating botulism. The mainstay of treatment includes administering botulinum antitoxin and providing supportive care. Antibiotics may be necessary for any secondary infections but are not the primary treatment for botulism itself.
D. Rinse skin with soap and water following exposure to the botulism toxin: Rinsing the skin with soap and water after exposure to the botulism toxin is an appropriate action. This practice helps eliminate the toxin from the skin, reducing the risk of absorption and potential harm.
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