A nurse is using the ecologic model for population health to develop interventions to address HIV in a community. Which of the following interventions should the nurse include to address financial factors affecting community health?

A. Avoid exposure to deer ticks: West Nile virus is transmitted through mosquito bites, not deer ticks. Avoiding ticks is important for preventing Lyme disease and other tick-borne illnesses, but it does not reduce the risk of West Nile virus.

B. Eliminate areas of standing water: Mosquitoes breed in stagnant water, increasing the risk of West Nile virus transmission. Removing standing water from containers, birdbaths, and gutters reduces mosquito populations and helps prevent the spread of the virus in rural and urban areas.

C. Use a respiratory mask when cleaning bird coops: This is a preventive measure for diseases such as histoplasmosis, which is caused by inhaling fungal spores from bird droppings. It does not protect against West Nile virus, which is spread through mosquito bites rather than airborne transmission.

D. Plan outdoor activities after dusk: Mosquitoes that carry West Nile virus are most active at dawn and dusk. Engaging in outdoor activities during these times increases the risk of being bitten. Instead, individuals should limit outdoor exposure or use protective measures such as insect repellent and long clothing during peak mosquito activity.

A. Perform a testicular self-examination weekly: While the recommendation is typically to perform testicular self-examinations monthly, including a focus on the importance of regular examinations reinforces the practice of self-monitoring. Educating clients on self-examinations encourages them to be proactive in detecting any changes in their testicles.

B. Do not palpate the epididymis when performing a testicular self-examination: It is important to palpate the entire testicle, including the epididymis, during a self-examination. Understanding how to properly examine all parts of the testicles helps individuals recognize what is normal and identify any abnormalities.

C. Expect testicles to be uniform in consistency when performing a testicular self-examination: While testicles should feel firm and smooth, variations in texture can be normal. Educating clients about the normal variations in consistency will help them better identify any concerning changes.

D. Perform a testicular self-examination after a cool shower: It is generally recommended to perform a testicular self-examination after a warm shower. The warmth helps relax the scrotum, making it easier to examine the testicles thoroughly and detect any abnormalities.