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A family of a client who has a medical history of stroke, hyperlipidemia, and peptic ulcer disease arrives at the memory care clinic with concerns about their loved one. The family states that the client has experienced worsening memory loss and forgetfulness over the last 6 months. The nurse is concerned the client is experiencing vascular dementia, due to which of the following factors?

The client's history of hyperlipidemia, because hyperlipidemia can lead to dementia due to blocked neuron communication throughout the body.

The client's history of peptic ulcer disease, because peptic ulcer disease can lead to dementia due to the loss of nerve cells in the stomach.

The client's history of peptic ulcer disease, because peptic ulcer disease can lead to dementia by destroying neuron communication in the stomach.

The client's history of stroke, because stroke can lead to dementia due to changes in the blood vessels of the brain.

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is D

A. While hyperlipidemia can contribute to vascular damage, it primarily increases the risk of cardiovascular disease and stroke, rather than directly blocking neuron communication to cause dementia.
B. Peptic ulcer disease is not associated with dementia, and the loss of nerve cells in the stomach does not lead to cognitive decline.
C. Peptic ulcer disease does not cause dementia by impacting neuron communication in the stomach.
D. Vascular dementia is often caused by stroke due to reduced blood flow or damage to the blood vessels in the brain, leading to cognitive decline and memory loss.

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Correct Answer is D

Explanation

A. While age contributes to hypertension risk, being male and 53 years old does not inherently confer the greatest risk when compared to other factors like ethnicity.
B. The client’s younger age and female gender reduce the overall risk for hypertension compared to other groups.
C. Although people of Asian ethnicity can develop hypertension, their overall risk is lower than that of African Americans.
D. African Americans have a significantly higher risk for hypertension due to a combination of genetic, environmental, and socio-economic factors. This group is known to have a higher prevalence of this condition, often developing it at an earlier age.

A. "Your headache is probably a result of anxiety about the chest pain." B. "It sounds as if you are allergic to this medication." C. "A headache is a common adverse effect of this medication, but it will probably occur less often over time." D. "A headache indicates tolerance to the medication."

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

A. The headache is not related to anxiety but is a known side effect of nitroglycerin due to vasodilation.
B. An allergy to nitroglycerin typically presents as a rash or breathing difficulty, not a headache.
C. Nitroglycerin commonly causes headaches due to the dilation of blood vessels in the brain, which usually lessens over time as the body adjusts.
D. A headache does not indicate tolerance to the medication. Tolerance develops when the body becomes less responsive to the medication's effects, which usually involves a reduced effect on chest pain, not the onset of a headache.

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Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

A nurse is reinforcing health screening education with a group of clients. The nurse should recognize that which of the following clients has the greatest risk for hypertension?

Correct Answer is D

Explanation

A nurse administered nitroglycerin sublingually to a client who has angina pectoris and experienced chest pain. The client states that his chest pain is relieved but now he has a headache. Which of the following responses by the nurse is appropriate?

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

A nurse is reinforcing teaching to a client who has arrhythmogenic cardiomyopathy about the risk for sudden cardiac death. Which of the following client statements indicates to the nurse an understanding of the teaching?

A nurse is caring for a client. Exhibits For each client finding, click to specify if the finding is consistent with Parkinson's disease, stroke, and/or multiple sclerosis. Each finding can support more than one disease process.

A nurse is reinforcing teaching with a client who is taking benztropine to treat Parkinson's disease. The nurse should instruct the client to report which of the following findings as an adverse effect of the medication?

A nurse is assisting in the plan of care for a client who is receiving digoxin to treat heart failure. Which of the following actions should the nurse plan to take?

A nurse is reinforcing teaching with the family of a client who has primary dementia. Which of the following manifestations of dementia should the nurse include in the teaching?

A nurse is reinforcing teaching with a client about risk factors for heart disease. Which of the following risk factors is modifiable? (Select All that Apply.)

A nurse is caring for a client who has thrombophlebitis and is receiving a continuous heparin infusion. Which of the following medications should the nurse have available to reverse heparin's effects?

A nurse is caring for a client who had a right-sided stroke and is exhibiting homonymous hemianopsia when eating. Which of the following actions should the nurse take?