A female patient presents with chronic dyspareunia, pelvic pain, increased abdominal girth, fever, and vomiting. After an HE4 test and positive abdominal ultrasound, the physician schedules a salpingo-oophorectomy. Which condition is described?
Ovarian tumor
Pelvic inflammatory disease (PID)
Dysmenorrhea
Benign fibroadenoma
The Correct Answer is A
A. Ovarian tumor:
The symptoms (chronic pelvic pain, abdominal girth, fever, vomiting, and an elevated HE4 test) are suggestive of an ovarian tumor or potentially ovarian cancer, which may require surgical intervention like a salpingo-oophorectomy (removal of the ovary and fallopian tube).
B. Pelvic inflammatory disease (PID):
PID typically causes pelvic pain and fever, but the increased abdominal girth and elevated HE4 test make an ovarian tumor more likely.
C. Dysmenorrhea:
Dysmenorrhea refers to painful menstruation, which typically doesn't present with the severe symptoms described here, such as fever, vomiting, and abdominal girth changes.
D. Benign fibroadenoma:
Fibroadenomas are benign breast tumors, not related to the ovaries or the symptoms presented.
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Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is B
Explanation
A. Hypertension is always linked to the Y chromosome and environmental factors:
Hypertension is a multifactorial disease, influenced by genetics and environment, but it is not linked specifically to the Y chromosome.
B. Turner's syndrome is a disorder in which a female has a completely or partially missing X chromosome:
Turner's syndrome (45, X) is a chromosomal disorder where females are missing all or part of one X chromosome, leading to various physical and developmental features.
C. Type 2 DM (T2DM) is caused by family history, behavior, and other factors:
While this is true, Type 2 diabetes is a multifactorial disease, not a chromosomal alteration.
D. Y chromosome as hemophilia is associated with the X chromosome:
Hemophilia is an X-linked disorder, not Y-linked. It is passed through the X chromosome, typically affecting males.
Correct Answer is B
Explanation
A. The kidney and a portion of the bladder:
This removal describes procedures like radical cystectomy, not simple nephrectomy.
B. The kidney in its entirety:
A simple nephrectomy involves removing only the kidney (not adrenal gland, bladder, or lymph nodes).
C. Cancer within the kidney and some tissue around the cancer:
This describes a partial nephrectomy.
D. The kidney, the adrenal gland, and some surrounding tissue:
This describes a radical nephrectomy, not a simple nephrectomy.
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