Which infectious disease interferes with the human immune system, leaving the body open to opportunistic infections?
HIV
Tuberculosis
Candidiasis
MRSA
The Correct Answer is A
HIV stands for human immunodeficiency virus, a virus that infects and destroys CD4+ T cells, which are a type of white blood cell that coordinates the immune response against foreign invaders. HIV can cause acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS), which is a condition where the immune system becomes severely weakened and unable to fight off common infections and cancers. HIV can be transmitted through sexual contact, blood transfusion, needle sharing, or mother-to-child transmission.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is D
Explanation
Crohn disease is a chronic inflammatory bowel disease that can affect any part of the gastrointestinal tract, but most commonly involves the terminal ileum and colon. It causes transmural inflammation, granulomas, fistulas, strictures, and abscesses that can lead to complications such as bowel obstruction, perforation, bleeding, and malabsorption.
Correct Answer is B
Explanation
Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) is a type of diabetes that develops during pregnancy and usually resolves after delivery. It is characterized by high blood glucose levels that can affect the health of both the mother and the fetus. Polydipsia (excessive thirst) and polyphagia (excessive hunger) are common symptoms of hyperglycemia (high blood glucose). Incontinence may occur due to increased pressure on the bladder from the growing uterus or from nerve damage caused by diabetes. An A1C test measures the average blood glucose level over the past two to three months and is used to diagnose and monitor diabetes. A normal A1C level is below 5.7%, while a level of 6.5% or higher indicates diabetes.
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