A group of nursing students is reviewing information about upper gastrointestinal system drugs.
The students demonstrate understanding of the material when they identify which of the following as a proton pump inhibitor?
Nizatidine.
Omeprazole.
Sucralfate.
Misoprostol.
The Correct Answer is B
Choice A rationale:
Nizatidine is not a proton pump inhibitor; it is an H2 receptor antagonist. It works by blocking the histamine H2 receptors in the stomach, reducing acid production. Proton pump inhibitors (PPIs) work differently by directly inhibiting the proton pump (H+/K+ ATPase) responsible for acid secretion in the stomach.
Choice B rationale:
Omeprazole is a proton pump inhibitor (PPI). PPIs are drugs that reduce gastric acid production by inhibiting the proton pump (H+/K+ ATPase) in the parietal cells of the stomach. This action is highly effective in treating conditions such as gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) and peptic ulcers.
Choice C rationale:
Sucralfate is not a proton pump inhibitor; it is a medication that forms a protective barrier over ulcers and erosions in the stomach and intestines. It does not directly affect acid production.
Choice D rationale:
Misoprostol is not a proton pump inhibitor; it is a synthetic prostaglandin E1 analog. It is primarily used to prevent gastric ulcers in individuals who are at high risk due to chronic nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID) use. It has a protective effect on the gastric mucosa but does not inhibit acid secretion.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is A
Explanation
Choice A rationale:
Antiviral drugs are metabolized in the liver, and hepatic impairment can affect the metabolism and elimination of these drugs. Therefore, the nurse should administer antiviral therapy cautiously to clients with hepatic impairment to prevent potential drug toxicity. Hepatic impairment can alter the pharmacokinetics of antiviral drugs, leading to increased drug levels in the bloodstream.
Choice B rationale:
Renal impairment is not typically a contraindication for antiviral therapy. While some medications may require dose adjustments in patients with renal impairment, it is not a general concern for antiviral drugs. The primary organ responsible for the metabolism of antiviral drugs is the liver.
Choice C rationale:
Diabetes and hypertension are chronic medical conditions that are not directly related to the administration of antiviral therapy. These conditions do not significantly impact the pharmacokinetics or pharmacodynamics of antiviral drugs. Therefore, they are not primary factors to consider when administering antiviral therapy.
Choice D rationale:
Hypertension, like diabetes, is not directly related to the administration of antiviral therapy. Antiviral drugs primarily interact with the liver's metabolic pathways, and hypertension does not have a significant impact on drug metabolism.
Correct Answer is A
Explanation
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