A nasal spray of desmopressin acetate (DDAVP) is used to treat which endocrine disorder of the pituitary gland?
Diabetes insipidus
Acute adrenocortical insufficiency
Hypopituitarism
Syndrome of inappropriate antidiuretic hormone
The Correct Answer is A
Choice A reason:
Diabetes insipidus: Desmopressin acetate (DDAVP) is primarily used to treat central diabetes insipidus, a condition where the body lacks sufficient antidiuretic hormone (ADH) due to issues with the pituitary gland or hypothalamus. This hormone helps regulate water balance in the body, and desmopressin acts as a synthetic replacement to reduce frequent urination and excessive thirst.
Choice B Reason:
Acute adrenocortical insufficiency: This condition, also known as Addison’s disease, involves insufficient production of cortisol and aldosterone by the adrenal glands. Desmopressin is not used to treat this condition as it does not address the hormonal deficiencies involved.
Choice C Reason:
Hypopituitarism: This condition involves the underproduction of one or more hormones by the pituitary gland. While desmopressin can be used to manage specific symptoms related to ADH deficiency, it is not a comprehensive treatment for hypopituitarism, which requires hormone replacement therapy for multiple hormones.
Choice D Reason:
Syndrome of inappropriate antidiuretic hormone (SIADH): SIADH is characterized by excessive release of ADH, leading to water retention and hyponatremia. Desmopressin is not used to treat SIADH; in fact, it would exacerbate the condition by increasing ADH levels.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is B
Explanation
Choice A reason:
A low protein diet is not a therapeutic treatment for Hirschsprung disease. Hirschsprung disease is a congenital condition characterized by the absence of ganglion cells in the distal colon, leading to a lack of peristalsis and functional obstruction. Dietary modifications, such as a low protein diet, do not address the underlying issue of the absence of nerve cells in the bowel. Therefore, this choice is incorrect.
Choice B reason:
Surgical removal of the affected section of the bowel is the primary treatment for Hirschsprung disease. This procedure, known as a pull-through surgery, involves removing the aganglionic segment of the colon and connecting the healthy part of the intestine to the anus. This surgery restores normal bowel function by allowing the passage of stool through the healthy, innervated portion of the intestine. The pull-through procedure can be performed using minimally invasive techniques, resulting in shorter recovery times and fewer complications.
Choice C reason:
A permanent colostomy is not typically the first-line treatment for Hirschsprung disease. While a temporary colostomy may be performed in some cases to allow the bowel to heal before a pull-through surgery, a permanent colostomy is usually reserved for more severe cases or when other surgical options are not feasible. The goal of treatment is to restore normal bowel function, and a permanent colostomy is generally considered a last resort.
Choice D reason:
Daily enemas are not a definitive treatment for Hirschsprung disease. While enemas may be used temporarily to relieve symptoms and manage bowel movements, they do not address the underlying cause of the condition. The absence of ganglion cells in the bowel requires surgical intervention to restore normal bowel function. Therefore, daily enemas are not a long-term solution for Hirschsprung disease.
Correct Answer is ["A","B","D","E"]
Explanation
Choice A reason:
Jaundice can be an assessment finding in infants with a urinary tract infection (UTI). UTIs can cause systemic symptoms in infants, including jaundice, especially in newborns. This is due to the immature liver function and the body’s response to infection1. Jaundice in the context of a UTI requires prompt medical evaluation and treatment to prevent complications.
Choice B reason:
Failure to gain weight is another possible assessment finding in infants with a UTI. Infants with UTIs may experience poor feeding, irritability, and lethargy, which can contribute to inadequate weight gain2. Monitoring an infant’s growth and development is crucial, and any signs of failure to thrive should prompt further investigation for underlying conditions such as UTIs.
Choice C reason:
Swelling of the face is not typically associated with UTIs in infants. While facial swelling can be a sign of other medical conditions, it is not a common symptom of UTIs. UTIs primarily affect the urinary system and may cause symptoms such as fever, irritability, and poor feeding.
Choice D reason:
Persistent diaper rash can be an assessment finding in infants with a UTI. The presence of a UTI can lead to increased urine output and changes in urine composition, which can irritate the skin and contribute to diaper rash. Persistent or recurrent diaper rash in conjunction with other symptoms may warrant further evaluation for a UTI.
Choice E reason:
Vomiting is a common symptom in infants with UTIs. The infection can cause gastrointestinal symptoms such as vomiting, diarrhea, and poor feeding. These symptoms, along with fever and irritability, are often seen in infants with UTIs and should prompt medical evaluation.
Whether you are a student looking to ace your exams or a practicing nurse seeking to enhance your expertise , our nursing education contents will empower you with the confidence and competence to make a difference in the lives of patients and become a respected leader in the healthcare field.
Visit Naxlex, invest in your future and unlock endless possibilities with our unparalleled nursing education contents today
Report Wrong Answer on the Current Question
Do you disagree with the answer? If yes, what is your expected answer? Explain.
Kindly be descriptive with the issue you are facing.