A nurse completes a cost-accounting study on a program that targets obese adults, helping them to adopt healthier lifestyle choices. The nurse would like to compare the program's cost to the cost savings in the health care system by preventing chronic illnesses. Which of the following types of studies would be most appropriate to use in this situation?
Cost-efficiency study
Cost-accounting study.
Cost-effectiveness study
Cost-benefit study
The Correct Answer is D
A. Cost-efficiency study: Assesses how efficiently resources are used but doesn’t compare monetary benefits to costs.
B. Cost-accounting study: Focuses on calculating actual expenditures, not comparing them to potential savings.
C. Cost-effectiveness study: Compares health outcomes to costs, not financial savings directly.
D. Cost-benefit study: This type of study evaluates whether the monetary benefits of an intervention outweigh the costs. It’s best for comparing program expenses with potential savings from prevented chronic illnesses.
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Related Questions
Correct Answer is C
Explanation
A. Individuals: While clinical medicine focuses on individuals, epidemiology focuses on trends and factors affecting groups.
B. Families: Family studies may be done in genetic research, but epidemiology examines broader health patterns.
C. Populations: Epidemiology is defined as the study of the distribution and determinants of health and disease in populations.
D. Groups: Although somewhat close, “groups” is a vague term. Populations is the more accurate and appropriate terminology.
Correct Answer is A
Explanation
A. Cholera: John Snow investigated the 1854 cholera outbreak in London, tracing the source to a contaminated water pump- a foundational event in epidemiology.
B. Malaria: Although significant, malaria was not the focus of John Snow’s work.
C. Polio: This was studied later in the 20th century, unrelated to John Snow.
D. Smallpox: Edward Jenner is more closely associated with smallpox due to his work on vaccination.
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