A nurse is assessing a child who has heart failure.
Which of the following findings is a clinical manifestation associated with this diagnosis?
Tachypnea
Increased appetite
Tremors
Bradycardia
The Correct Answer is A
Choice A rationale
Tachypnea, or rapid breathing, is a common clinical manifestation of heart failure in children. This occurs because the heart is unable to pump enough blood to meet the body’s needs, causing fluid to back up into the
lungs and leading to shortness of breath and rapid breathing.
Choice B rationale
Contrary to increased appetite, children with heart failure often experience a decrease in appetite or difficulty feeding. This is due to increased energy expenditure and early satiety caused by abdominal distension from hepatomegaly or ascites.
Choice C rationale
Tremors are not typically associated with heart failure. They could be a sign of other neurological conditions, side effects of certain medications, or anxiety.
Choice D rationale
Bradycardia, or a slower than normal heart rate, is not typically a symptom of heart failure. In fact, tachycardia, or a faster than normal heart rate, is more commonly seen in heart failure as the heart tries to compensate for its reduced ability to pump blood.
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Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is C
Explanation
The correct answer is choice c. Sunken anterior fontanel.
Choice A rationale:
A heart rate of 162/min in a 2-month-old infant can be within the upper range of normal, especially if the infant is crying or agitated. While it is important to monitor, it is not the most critical finding in this context.
Choice B rationale:
A negative doll’s eye reflex (oculocephalic reflex) can indicate neurological issues, but it is not directly related to heart failure or the administration of furosemide.
Choice C rationale:
A sunken anterior fontanel indicates dehydration, which is a critical concern for an infant receiving furosemide, a diuretic that can lead to significant fluid loss. Dehydration can exacerbate heart failure and lead to severe complications.
Choice D rationale:
A potassium level of 5.1 mEq/L is slightly elevated but not immediately life-threatening. It requires monitoring and potential intervention but is not the most urgent issue compared to dehydration.
Monitoring for dehydration is crucial in infants on diuretics like furosemide, making the sunken anterior fontanel the priority finding.
Correct Answer is B
Explanation
Choice A rationale
Bacterial vaginosis and trichomoniasis are both sexually transmitted infections, but they are not nationally notifiable, meaning cases are not required to be reported to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention.
Choice B rationale
Gonorrhea is a nationally notifiable sexually transmitted infection. This means that confirmed and probable cases are required to be reported to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention.
Choice C rationale
Human Papilloma Virus (HPV) is a common sexually transmitted infection, but it is not nationally notifiable.
Choice D rationale
Genital Herpes Simplex Virus is a common sexually transmitted infection, but it is not nationally notifiable.
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