A nurse is assessing a child who was recently adopted from a foreign country and has not yet received any immunizations. The child has a high fever, rhinitis, and sore throat: The nurse also notes small, irregular, bright red spots with a blue-white center on the buccal membrane. What would the nurse suspect?
Rubella
Varicella
Rubeola
Infectious Mononucleosis
The Correct Answer is C
A. Rubella:
Rubella, also known as German measles, typically presents with a rash that starts on the face and spreads to the trunk and limbs. It does not cause Koplik spots, the small red spots with a blue-white center mentioned in the scenario.
B. Varicella:
Varicella, or chickenpox, is characterized by an itchy rash that progresses to fluid-filled vesicles. It does not typically involve Koplik spots, and the scenario doesn't describe a vesicular rash.
C. Rubeola (Measles):
Rubeola, or measles, presents with symptoms such as high fever, cough, rhinitis, and conjunctivitis. The characteristic Koplik spots, small red spots with a blue-white center, often appear on the buccal mucosa. This matches the description in the scenario.
D. Infectious Mononucleosis:
Infectious Mononucleosis is characterized by symptoms like fever, sore throat, and swollen lymph nodes. It does not present with the specific buccal membrane spots seen in measles, and the scenario does not mention other typical signs of infectious mononucleosis.
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Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is C
Explanation
A. Rubella:
Rubella, also known as German measles, typically presents with a rash that starts on the face and spreads to the trunk and limbs. It does not cause Koplik spots, the small red spots with a blue-white center mentioned in the scenario.
B. Varicella:
Varicella, or chickenpox, is characterized by an itchy rash that progresses to fluid-filled vesicles. It does not typically involve Koplik spots, and the scenario doesn't describe a vesicular rash.
C. Rubeola (Measles):
Rubeola, or measles, presents with symptoms such as high fever, cough, rhinitis, and conjunctivitis. The characteristic Koplik spots, small red spots with a blue-white center, often appear on the buccal mucosa. This matches the description in the scenario.
D. Infectious Mononucleosis:
Infectious Mononucleosis is characterized by symptoms like fever, sore throat, and swollen lymph nodes. It does not present with the specific buccal membrane spots seen in measles, and the scenario does not mention other typical signs of infectious mononucleosis.
Correct Answer is A
Explanation
A. Measles, Mumps, and Rubella (MMR):
The first dose of the MMR vaccine is usually administered around 12-15 months of age. Therefore, this vaccine is appropriate for a 15-month-old child's routine health visit.
B. Pneumococcal:
The pneumococcal vaccine is typically given in several doses, with one of the doses recommended around 12-15 months. It's part of the routine immunization schedule for this age range.
C. Meningococcal:
Meningococcal vaccines are not usually part of the routine schedule at 15 months of age unless there are specific risk factors or circumstances that necessitate this vaccination.
D. Rotavirus (RV):
The rotavirus vaccine is administered in multiple doses, usually starting at around 2 months and completing before 8 months of age. By 15 months, the child should have completed the recommended doses.
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