A nurse is assessing a client 15 minutes after administering morphine sulfate 2 mg via IV push. The nurse should identify which of the following findings as an adverse effect of the medication?

Sleepy, but arousing when her name is called.

Respiratory rate 8/min.

Pain level of 6 on a scale from 0 to 10.

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is B

Choice A reason:

Being sleepy but arousing when her name is called is a common side effect of morphine, which is a potent opioid analgesic. Morphine can cause drowsiness and sedation, but this is not necessarily an adverse effect unless it progresses to a state where the patient cannot be easily aroused. Therefore, while this is a side effect, it is not as concerning as respiratory depression.

Choice B reason:

A respiratory rate of 8/min is an adverse effect of morphine. Opioids like morphine can depress the respiratory center in the brain, leading to a decreased respiratory rate. Normal respiratory rates for adults are typically between 12 and 20 breaths per minute. A rate of 8 breaths per minute indicates significant respiratory depression, which can be life-threatening and requires immediate intervention.

Choice C reason:

A pain level of 6 on a scale from 0 to 10 indicates that the morphine has not fully alleviated the client’s pain. While this is important to address, it is not an adverse effect of the medication. The primary concern with morphine administration is monitoring for serious side effects like respiratory depression.

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Correct Answer is D

Explanation

Choice A reason: Raw celery is not recommended for toddlers as it can be a choking hazard due to its stringy texture and difficulty in chewing. Toddlers have smaller airways and less developed chewing skills, making raw celery a risky snack option.

Choice B reason: Grapes can also be a choking hazard for toddlers if not prepared properly. Whole grapes are the perfect size to block a toddler’s airway. If grapes are to be given, they should be cut into small, manageable pieces to reduce the risk of choking.

Choice C reason: Peanut butter is a nutritious option but should be given with caution. It can be sticky and difficult for toddlers to swallow, posing a choking risk. It is best to spread peanut butter thinly on bread or mix it with other foods to make it easier to consume.

Choice D reason: Sliced bananas are an excellent snack for toddlers. They are soft, easy to chew, and unlikely to cause choking. Bananas are also rich in essential nutrients like potassium and vitamins, making them a healthy choice.

A. Lisinopril B. Clopidogrel C. Atorvastatin D. Furosemide E. Doxazosin

Correct Answer is ["A","D","E"]

Explanation

Choice A reason: Lisinopril is an angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitor used to treat high blood pressure and heart failure. ACE inhibitors can cause orthostatic hypotension, especially in older adults, due to their vasodilatory effects, which can lead to a sudden drop in blood pressure upon standing.

Choice B reason: Clopidogrel is an antiplatelet medication used to prevent blood clots in patients with cardiovascular diseases. It does not typically cause orthostatic hypotension. Its primary side effects are related to bleeding and bruising, rather than blood pressure changes.

Choice C reason: Atorvastatin is a statin used to lower cholesterol levels and reduce the risk of cardiovascular disease. Statins do not generally cause orthostatic hypotension. Their side effects are more commonly related to muscle pain and liver enzyme abnormalities.

Choice D reason: Furosemide is a loop diuretic used to treat edema and hypertension. Diuretics can cause orthostatic hypotension by reducing blood volume and altering electrolyte balance, leading to a decrease in blood pressure upon standing.

Choice E reason: Doxazosin is an alpha-blocker used to treat high blood pressure and benign prostatic hyperplasia. Alpha-blockers are well-known for causing orthostatic hypotension due to their mechanism of action, which involves relaxing blood vessels and reducing blood pressure.

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A nurse is assessing a client 15 minutes after administering morphine sulfate 2 mg via IV push. The nurse should identify which of the following findings as an adverse effect of the medication?

Nursing Test Bank

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