A nurse is assessing a client who has Cushing's syndrome. Which of the following findings should the nurse expect?
Hyperpigmentation
Weight loss
Hypotension
Diaphoresis
The Correct Answer is A
A. Hyperpigmentation: This can occur due to increased production of melanin-stimulating hormones in some cases of Cushing's syndrome.
B. Weight loss: Weight loss is not a common feature of Cushing's syndrome. Instead, it usually presents with weight gain, particularly in the trunk and face (leading to "moon face" and "buffalo hump").
C. Hypotension: Hypotension is more common in Addison's disease due to the lack of cortisol and aldosterone. Cushing's syndrome is associated with hypertension due to excess cortisol increasing blood pressure.
D. Diaphoresis: Excessive sweating is not a common symptom of Cushing's syndrome.
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Related Questions
Correct Answer is A
Explanation
A. Hepatomegaly: Hepatomegaly, or enlargement of the liver, is a common finding in right-sided heart failure due to congestion of the liver from impaired venous return. It indicates systemic venous congestion.
B. Crackles in the lungs: Crackles in the lungs are more commonly associated with left-sided heart failure, which leads to pulmonary congestion. Right-sided heart failure primarily causes systemic venous congestion rather than pulmonary issues.
C. Dry, hacking cough: A dry, hacking cough is not typically associated with right-sided heart failure. It is more related to left-sided heart failure or other pulmonary conditions.
D. Dizziness: Dizziness can occur in various conditions, including heart failure, but it is not a specific finding for right-sided heart failure. It is often due to decreased cardiac output or orthostatic hypotension.
Correct Answer is D
Explanation
A. Restrict fluid intake: In Addison's disease, there is often a risk of dehydration due to insufficient aldosterone leading to fluid loss and electrolyte imbalance. Fluid restriction could exacerbate these problems and is contraindicated.
B. Weigh the client daily. Monitoring daily weight is crucial to detect rapid weight changes which can indicate fluid imbalance, a common issue in Addison's disease. It helps in early detection of complications like dehydration or fluid overload.
C. Provide a low-carbohydrate diet. A low-carbohydrate diet is not specifically recommended for Addison's disease. Clients with Addison’s might need an adequate intake of carbohydrates to prevent hypoglycemia, particularly during stress or illness.
D. Administer oral corticosteroids. Addison's disease is characterized by insufficient production of corticosteroids. Administering oral corticosteroids is essential to replace the missing hormones and prevent an Addisonian crisis, especially during stress or illness.
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