A nurse is assessing a client who has Cushing's syndrome. Which of the following findings should the nurse expect?

Hyperpigmentation

Weight loss

Hypotension

Diaphoresis

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is A

A. Hyperpigmentation: This can occur due to increased production of melanin-stimulating hormones in some cases of Cushing's syndrome.

B. Weight loss: Weight loss is not a common feature of Cushing's syndrome. Instead, it usually presents with weight gain, particularly in the trunk and face (leading to "moon face" and "buffalo hump").

C. Hypotension: Hypotension is more common in Addison's disease due to the lack of cortisol and aldosterone. Cushing's syndrome is associated with hypertension due to excess cortisol increasing blood pressure.

D. Diaphoresis: Excessive sweating is not a common symptom of Cushing's syndrome.

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Correct Answer is D

Explanation

A. 4 oz diet soda: Diet soda contains artificial sweeteners, not real sugar, and therefore will not effectively raise blood glucose levels. It's not suitable for treating hypoglycemia.

B. 1 tsp sugar: While 1 tsp of sugar can provide some glucose, the amount is insufficient to treat hypoglycemia effectively. The American Diabetes Association recommends 15 grams of fast-acting carbohydrates, which is equivalent to about 4 teaspoons of sugar, not 1.

C. 4 oz skim milk: Skim milk contains both carbohydrates (approximately 12 grams of carbohydrates per 8 oz, so 4 oz would provide around 6 grams) and protein. While it can help raise blood glucose, it may not provide the recommended 15 grams of fast-acting carbohydrates to treat hypoglycemia quickly enough.

D. Graham crackers: Foods with a high glycemic index (GI), such as graham crackers, can cause blood sugar levels to rise relatively quickly. Graham crackers, being high in refined carbohydrates, can indeed result in a rapid increase in blood glucose levels compared to low-GI foods.

A. Insert the IV catheter. B. Initiate oxygen therapy. C. Attach the leads for a 12-lead ECG. D. Obtain a blood sample.

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

A. Insert the IV catheter: Establishing IV access is necessary for medication administration, but it should follow the ECG to confirm the diagnosis and direct further treatment.

B. Initiate oxygen therapy: While oxygen can be important to increase myocardial oxygenation, it is typically administered after confirming the MI. Current guidelines recommend oxygen therapy primarily for patients with oxygen saturation below 90%.

C. Attach the leads for a 12-lead ECG: The 12-lead ECG is the most critical initial step as it is the definitive diagnostic tool for identifying and confirming a myocardial infarction (MI). It helps to determine the type and extent of the MI, which guides subsequent treatment decisions. Quick identification of an MI is crucial for timely intervention.

D. Obtain a blood sample: Blood tests, including cardiac enzyme measurements, are important but secondary to the ECG in the acute phase for diagnosing an MI.

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A nurse is assessing a client who has Cushing's syndrome. Which of the following findings should the nurse expect?

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Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

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Explanation

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