A nurse is assessing a client who is receiving a blood transfusion. The nurse notes lung crackles, hypoxia, and distended neck veins. Which of the following actions should the nurse take? (Select all that apply.)

Stop the transfusion.

Place the client in high-Fowler's position.

Obtain a prescription for a diuretic.

Administer oxygen to the client.

Administer epinephrine to the client.

Answer and Explanation

Correct Answer : A,B,C,D

A. Stop the transfusion. The first action is to stop the transfusion to prevent further fluid overload.
B. Place the client in high-Fowler's position. This position reduces venous return to the heart and improves breathing and oxygenation.
C. Obtain a prescription for a diuretic. Diuretics (e.g., furosemide) help remove excess fluid, relieving pulmonary congestion and reducing strain on the heart.
D. Administer oxygen to the client. Oxygen helps relieve hypoxia caused by fluid buildup in the lungs.
E. Administer epinephrine to the client. Epinephrine is used for anaphylactic reactions, not circulatory overload. There is no indication of an allergic reaction in this scenario.

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Correct Answer is D

Explanation

A. "Apply intermittent suction for 20 to 30 seconds." –
Suctioning should be applied intermittently for no more than 10 to 15 seconds to prevent hypoxia and mucosal damage.
B. "Place the catheter in a location that is clean and dry for later use." –
A suction catheter should not be reused once it has been used; it should be discarded after a single use to prevent infection.
C. "Hold the suction catheter with the clean, nondominant hand." –
The dominant hand should remain sterile and be used to control the suction catheter, while the nondominant hand is used to handle nonsterile equipment.
D. "Use surgical asepsis when performing the procedure." –
Nasotracheal suctioning is a sterile procedure because it involves direct access to the lower airway, requiring surgical asepsis to reduce the risk of infection.

A. Instruct the client to take small sips of water. B. Ask the client to hyperextend their neck during palpation. C. Inspect the isthmus as the client holds their breath for 5 seconds. D. Assist the client to a supine position prior to the assessment.

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

A. "Instruct the client to take small sips of water."
Having the client take small sips of water helps the nurse observe the thyroid gland as it moves up and down with swallowing, making abnormalities more noticeable.
B. "Ask the client to hyperextend their neck during palpation."
The client should slightly extend (not hyperextend) their neck to relax the muscles and allow for better palpation of the thyroid gland.
C. "Inspect the isthmus as the client holds their breath for 5 seconds."
The thyroid gland is best observed during swallowing, not by holding the breath.
D. "Assist the client to a supine position prior to the assessment."
Thyroid assessment is performed with the client in a sitting or standing position, not lying down.

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A nurse is assessing a client who is receiving a blood transfusion. The nurse notes lung crackles, hypoxia, and distended neck veins. Which of the following actions should the nurse take? (Select all that apply.)

Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

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Correct Answer is D

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