A nurse is assessing a client who is receiving treatment with multiple antipsychotic medications and who suddenly became ill.

Findings include blood pressure changes, hyperpyrexia, and diaphoresis.

The nurse should recognize that which of the following adverse effects may be occurring?

Pseudoparkinsonism.

Neuroleptic malignant syndrome.

Acute dystonia.

Tardive dyskinesia.

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is B

Choice A rationale:

Pseudoparkinsonism is a side effect of antipsychotic medications that mimics the symptoms of Parkinson’s disease, such as tremors and rigidity. It does not typically cause hyperpyrexia or diaphoresis.

Choice B rationale:

Neuroleptic malignant syndrome is a rare but serious side effect of antipsychotic medications. It can cause severe fever (hyperpyrexia), unstable blood pressure, and heavy sweating (diaphoresis)4.

Choice C rationale:

Acute dystonia is a condition of sudden, involuntary muscle contractions. It does not typically cause hyperpyrexia or diaphoresis.

Choice D rationale:

Tardive dyskinesia is a side effect of long-term use of antipsychotic medications, causing involuntary movements, especially around the mouth. It does not typically cause hyperpyrexia or diaphoresis.

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Correct Answer is C

Explanation

Choice A rationale:
Taking lithium on an empty stomach is not necessary. Lithium can be taken with or without food.
Choice B rationale:
Excessive salivation is not a common side effect of lithium.
Choice C rationale:
Vomiting or diarrhea can lead to dehydration, which increases the risk of lithium toxicity by reducing the excretion of lithium. Therefore, it’s important to notify your provider if you experience these symptoms.
Choice D rationale:
Decreasing fluid intake can lead to dehydration and increase the risk of lithium toxicity. It’s recommended to maintain a normal fluid intake while taking lithium.

A. High serum sodium levels can cause toxic levels of valproate. B. Thyroid function tests should be performed every 6 months. C. A pretreatment electroencephalogram (EEG) will be done. D. Liver function tests must be monitored.

Correct Answer is D

Explanation

Choice A rationale:
High serum sodium levels do not directly cause toxic levels of valproate.
Choice B rationale:
While regular health monitoring is important, specifically performing thyroid function tests every 6 months is not a standard requirement for valproate use.
Choice C rationale:
A pretreatment electroencephalogram (EEG) is not typically required before starting valproate.
Choice D rationale:
Liver function tests must be monitored as valproate can cause liver failure that may be fatal.

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A nurse is assessing a client who is receiving treatment with multiple antipsychotic medications and who suddenly became ill. Findings include blood pressure changes, hyperpyrexia, and diaphoresis. The nurse should recognize that which of the following adverse effects may be occurring?

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Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

A nurse is teaching a client who has bipolar disorder about lithium. Which of the following statements should the nurse include in the teaching?.

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

A nurse is caring for a client who has bipolar disorder and a new prescription for valproate. Which of the following instructions should the nurse give the client about the use of this medication?

Correct Answer is D

Explanation

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A nurse is assessing a client who is receiving treatment with multiple antipsychotic medications and who suddenly became ill.

Findings include blood pressure changes, hyperpyrexia, and diaphoresis.

The nurse should recognize that which of the following adverse effects may be occurring?