A nurse is assessing a newborn who has a coarctation of the aorta. Which of the following should the nurse recognize as a clinical manifestation of coarctation of the aorta?

Increased blood pressure in the arms with decreased blood pressure in the legs

Increased blood pressure in both the arms and the legs

Decreased blood pressure in both the arms and the legs

Decreased blood pressure in the arms with increased blood pressure in the legs

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is A

Choice A Reason:

In coarctation of the aorta, the narrowing of the aorta typically occurs after the arteries that supply the upper body branch off. This results in higher blood pressure in the arms and lower blood pressure in the legs. The difference in blood pressure between the upper and lower extremities is a key diagnostic indicator of this condition.

Choice B Reason:

Increased blood pressure in both the arms and the legs is not characteristic of coarctation of the aorta. This condition specifically causes a disparity in blood pressure between the upper and lower parts of the body due to the narrowing of the aorta.

Choice C Reason:

Decreased blood pressure in both the arms and the legs is not a typical manifestation of coarctation of the aorta. The condition usually leads to increased blood pressure in the upper body and decreased blood pressure in the lower body.

Choice D Reason:

Decreased blood pressure in the arms with increased blood pressure in the legs is the opposite of what is seen in coarctation of the aorta. The narrowing of the aorta causes higher pressure in the upper body and lower pressure in the lower body.

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Correct Answer is C

Explanation

Choice A Reason:

The statement “Loss of privacy” is a concern for many adolescents, especially when they are hospitalized or undergoing medical treatments. However, it is not the most common behavior associated with scoliosis surgery. Adolescents may feel uncomfortable with the lack of privacy during hospital stays, but this is generally a secondary concern compared to issues related to body image.

Choice B Reason:

The statement “Identity crisis” refers to the struggle adolescents may face in defining who they are. While scoliosis and its treatment can contribute to an identity crisis, it is not the primary concern. Adolescents are more likely to experience an identity crisis due to a combination of factors, including social, emotional, and developmental changes.

Choice C Reason:

The statement “Body image changes” is correct. Adolescents with scoliosis often experience significant concerns about their appearance due to the curvature of their spine. This can be exacerbated by the visible effects of wearing a brace or undergoing surgery3. Body image issues are prevalent among adolescents with scoliosis, as they may feel self-conscious about their physical appearance and how others perceive them.

Choice D Reason:

The statement “Feelings of displacement” can occur in adolescents undergoing medical treatments, as they may feel out of place or disconnected from their usual environment. However, this is not the most common behavior associated with scoliosis surgery. Feelings of displacement are more likely to be a secondary issue compared to the primary concern of body image changes

A. I give my child aspirin to reduce his fever. B. I give my child ibuprofen when his muscles are aching. C. I am leaving a humidifier on in my child’s room when he naps. D. I am encouraging my child to drink grapefruit juice.

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

Choice A Reason:

Aspirin is strongly associated with an increased risk of Reye syndrome in children, especially when given during a viral illness like influenza or chickenpox. Reye syndrome is a rare but serious condition that causes swelling in the liver and brain. The use of aspirin in children with viral infections can lead to this condition, making it crucial to avoid aspirin and instead use alternatives like acetaminophen or ibuprofen for fever and pain relief.

Choice B Reason:

Ibuprofen is a nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID) that is generally considered safe for use in children to relieve pain and reduce fever. Unlike aspirin, ibuprofen does not carry the same risk of causing Reye syndrome. Therefore, giving ibuprofen to a child with influenza for muscle aches does not increase the risk of Reye syndrome.

Choice C Reason:

Using a humidifier in a child’s room can help alleviate symptoms of respiratory infections by keeping the air moist, which can soothe irritated airways and reduce congestion. This practice does not increase the risk of Reye syndrome and is generally considered a safe and supportive measure for children with influenza.

Choice D Reason:

Encouraging a child to drink grapefruit juice can be beneficial for hydration and providing essential vitamins. However, it has no direct connection to the risk of Reye syndrome. While grapefruit juice can interact with certain medications, it does not increase the risk of developing Reye syndrome in children with influenza.

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A nurse is assessing a newborn who has a coarctation of the aorta. Which of the following should the nurse recognize as a clinical manifestation of coarctation of the aorta?

Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

A nurse is planning care for an adolescent who has scoliosis and requires surgical intervention. Which of the following is the most common behavior by the adolescent that the nurse should anticipate?

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

A nurse is caring for a child who has influenza. The nurse should identify which of the following statements by the parent indicates the child has an increased risk for Reye syndrome?

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

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