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A nurse is assessing a newborn who has Trisomy 21 (Down's Syndrome). Which of the following are common characteristics? (Select All that Apply.)

A.

Hypertonia

B.

Large ears

C.

Transverse palmar creases

D.

Protruding tongue

E.

Low birth weight

Answer and Explanation

Correct Answer : C,D

Answer: C, D

A. Hypertonia
Hypertonia, or increased muscle tone, is not a common characteristic of Trisomy 21. In fact, many infants with Down's Syndrome typically exhibit hypotonia, or decreased muscle tone, which can affect their overall strength and development.

B. Large ears
While individuals with Down's Syndrome may have unique ear shapes, "large ears" are not specifically characteristic of Trisomy 21. Instead, the ears may appear small or have a different shape compared to those of typically developing children.

C. Transverse palmar creases
Transverse palmar creases, also known as simian lines, are commonly seen in individuals with Down's Syndrome. This feature is a characteristic finding that can help in identifying the condition during physical assessment.

D. Protruding tongue
A protruding tongue is a common feature in individuals with Down's Syndrome. This occurs due to hypotonia of the oral muscles, which can lead to difficulties in tongue control and positioning.

E. Low birth weight
Low birth weight is not a defining characteristic of Trisomy 21. In fact, newborns with Down's Syndrome can have varying birth weights; they are often average weight or slightly above average, although some may be below average due to other factors related to maternal health or gestational issues.


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Related Questions

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

A. Pain. Pain is the hallmark symptom of a sickle cell crisis due to the vaso-occlusion of sickled red blood cells blocking blood flow and causing ischemia in various tissues and organs.
B. High fever. While fever can occur if there is an associated infection, it is not a primary feature of sickle cell crisis.
C. Bradycardia. Sickle cell crisis can cause tachycardia due to pain and stress, but not bradycardia.
D. Constipation. This is not a typical symptom associated with a sickle cell crisis.

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

  • G: 4 pregnancies (2017 spontaneous abortion, 2018 twins with one demise, 2020 NSVD, and the current pregnancy)
  • T: 2 term births (2020 and 2022)
  • P: 1 preterm birth
  • A: 1 abortion/miscarriage (2017 spontaneous abortion)
  • L: 4 living children (twins from 2018 and the child born in 2020)

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