A nurse is assessing a pregnant woman for risk factors for gestational diabetes.
Which of the following factors should the nurse identify as increasing the woman's risk?
Being 35 years old
Having a BMI of 28
Having a previous baby who weighed 3.5 kg (7.7 lb) at birth
Having a history of PCOS
The Correct Answer is A
The correct answer is choice A. Being 35 years old is a risk factor for gestational diabetes because the risk increases with age.
Choice B is wrong because having a BMI of 28 is not considered obese, which is a risk factor for gestational diabetes. Obesity is usually defined as having a BMI of 30 or higher.
Choice C is wrong because having a previous baby who weighed 3.5 kg (7.7 lb) at birth is not a risk factor for gestational diabetes. A risk factor is having a previous baby who weighed more than 4 kg (9 lb) at birth.
Choice D is wrong because having a history of PCOS (polycystic ovary syndrome) is not a risk factor for gestational diabetes. PCOS is a condition that affects the ovaries and hormones, but it does not directly cause gestational diabetes.
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Correct Answer is D
Explanation
The correct answer is choice D. Seizures.This intervention is necessary to prevent seizures because hypoglycemia can cause brain injury and neurologic impairment in newborns.Seizures are one of the most common signs of hypoglycemia in newborns.
Choice A is wrong because respiratory distress syndrome is caused by a lack of surfactant in the lungs, not by hypoglycemia.
Choice B is wrong because necrotizing enterocolitis is an inflammatory condition of the intestines that affects premature or sick infants, not by hypoglycemia.
Choice C is wrong because intraventricular hemorrhage is a bleeding into the brain ventricles that occurs mainly in very low birth weight infants, not by hypoglycemia.
Correct Answer is D
Explanation
The correct answer is choice D. Notify the provider.
A blood glucose level of 200 mg/dL (11.1 mmol/L) after a meal is too high for a pregnant woman with gestational diabetes and indicates poor glycemic control.
The provider should be informed of this result and may adjust the woman’s treatment plan accordingly.
Choice A is wrong because insulin is not always prescribed for gestational diabetes.
Some women can manage their blood sugar levels with diet and exercise alone.
Insulin should only be administered as prescribed by the provider and not based on a single test result.
Choice B is wrong because drinking water will not lower the blood glucose level significantly.
Water can help prevent dehydration and constipation, which are common problems in pregnancy, but it does not affect insulin sensitivity or glucose metabolism.
Choice C is wrong because repeating the test in 15 minutes will not change the outcome.
A blood glucose level of 200 mg/dL (11.1 mmol/L) after a meal is clearly abnormal and needs immediate attention.
Delaying the notification of the provider may increase the risk of complications for the woman and her baby.
According to Diabetic.org, the normal blood glucose levels for gestational diabetes are:
• Fasting: less than 95 mg/dL (5.3 mmol/L)
• One hour after a meal: less than 140 mg/dL (7.8 mmol/L)
• Two hours after a meal: less than 120 mg/dL (6.7 mmol/L)
These levels may vary slightly depending on the clinic or lab, but
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