A nurse is assessing the pain level of a 3-year old toddler. Which of the following pain assessment scales should the nurse use?

CRIES pain assessment scale

FACES Rain rating scale

Noncommunicating children's pain checklist

Numeric pain rating scale

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is B

A. The CRIES scale is used for neonates and infants, not toddlers.

B. The FACES pain rating scale is appropriate for children aged 3 years and older, allowing them to express their pain visually through faces showing different expressions.

C. The Noncommunicating children's pain checklist is used for older children with communication impairments.

D. The Numeric pain rating scale is more suitable for older children and adults who can understand and use numbers to rate pain.

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Correct Answer is D

Explanation

A. Oxygen saturation levels typically decrease, not elevate, in cystic fibrosis due to scarring and impairment of lung function, leading to difficulty with gas exchange.

B. Cystic fibrosis primarily affects the lungs and digestive system but does not directly impact blood glucose levels unless diabetes develops as a complication.

C. Cystic fibrosis affects mucus production in the lungs, but potassium levels are not typically affected in the way described. Potassium imbalance would be more related to renal function or other factors.

D. Cystic fibrosis affects the movement of sodium and water across cell membranes, leading to thickened mucus and an increased risk of electrolyte imbalances, such as low sodium levels (hyponatremia).

A. A WBC of 6,000/mm3 B. Purulent nasogastric drainage C. Passage of dark red stool with mucus D. Absence of peristalsis

Correct Answer is D

Explanation

A. A WBC of 6,000/mm³ is within the normal range (4,500-11,000/mm³), and a postoperative infection is more likely to result in an elevated WBC count.

B. Purulent nasogastric drainage is more suggestive of a gastrointestinal issue unrelated to a perforated appendix and is not a common finding post-surgery.

C. Passage of dark red stool with mucus could suggest gastrointestinal bleeding or infection, but it is not typical postoperatively after a perforated appendix.

D. After surgery for a perforated appendix, peristalsis may be absent initially due to the effects of anesthesia, bowel manipulation, or inflammation from the infection. This is a normal postoperative finding.

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A nurse is assessing the pain level of a 3-year old toddler. Which of the following pain assessment scales should the nurse use?

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Correct Answer is D

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A nurse is assessing the pain level of a 3-year old toddler. Which of the following pain assessment scales should the nurse use?